The Sundvollen Formation is a geologic formation cropping out along the northern and eastern shores of Steinsfjorden, Oslo Region, Norway. It preserves fossils dating back to the Gorstian to Ludfordian stages (Rootsiküla in the regional stratigraphy) of the Late Silurian period.
Description
The formation belongs to the Ringerike Group, overlies the Steinsfjorden Formation and is overlain by the Stubdal Formation. The fish assemblage originates from a horizon with fine-grained, dark greyish-green sandstone from the lowermost part of the formation.
The formation comprises dark-grey siltstones associated with red sandstones and siltstones, with ripple marks, cross-laminations, and crack diapirs, and pseudo-nodules, carbonate concretions. The sequence is fining upwards in cyclothems. Tracks attributed to eurypterids have been found in the red siltstone. Turner (1974) interprets the Sundvollen Formation as representing meandering, braided streams on an alluvial, coastal plain, very close to sea level because of the minor marine incursions found). Boucot and Janis (1983) interpreted the environment to be possibly brackish-estuarine.
Fossil content
The following fossils have been reported from the formation:
Fish
Ateleaspis sp. Loganellia cf. aldridgei Paralogania martinssoni Phlebolepis elegans Pterygolepis cf. nitida Rhyncholepis parvula Thelodus laevis Tyriaspis cf. whitei Osteostraci indet.
Eurypterids
Brachyopterella pentagonalis
Eurypterus tetragonophthalmus
Kiaeropterus ruedemanni
Mixopterus kiaeri
Nanahughmilleria norvegica
Pterygotus (Erettopterus) Erettopterus holmi Stylonuroides dolichopteroides Mixopterus sp. Nanahughmilleria sp. Pterygotus sp.
Invertebrates
Crustaceans
Dictyocaris slimoni
Phyllocarida indet.
Chasmataspidids
Kiaeria limuloides
Xiphosura
Xiphosurida indet. Bunodes sp.
Flora
Plantae indet.
Correlations
The Sundvollen Formation correlates with the lower part of the Store Arøya Formation.
See also
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Norway
References
Bibliography
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