378. Adverb clauses are of the following kinds:
(1) TIME: "_As we go_, the milestones are grave-stones;" "He had gone but a little way _before he espied a foul fiend coming_;" "_When he was come up to Christian_, he beheld him with a disdainful countenance."
(2) PLACE: "_Wherever the sentiment of right comes in_, it takes precedence of everything else;" "He went several times to England, _where he does not seem to have attracted any attention_."
(3) REASON, or CAUSE: "His English editor lays no stress on his discoveries, _since he was too great to care to be original_;" "I give you joy _that truth is altogether wholesome_."
(4) MANNER: "The knowledge of the past is valuable only _as it leads us to form just calculations with respect to the future_;" "After leaving the whole party under the table, he goes away _as if nothing had happened_."
(5) DEGREE, or COMPARISON: "They all become wiser _than they were_;" "The right conclusion is, that we should try, so far _as we can_, to make up our shortcomings;" "Master Simon was in as chirping a humor _as a grasshopper filled with dew_ [is];" "_The broader their education is_, the wider is the horizon of their thought." The first clause in the last sentence is dependent, expressing the degree in which the horizon, etc., is wider.
(6) PURPOSE: "Nature took us in hand, shaping our actions, _so that we might not be ended untimely by too gross disobedience_."
(7) RESULT, or CONSEQUENCE: "He wrote on the scale of the mind itself, _so that all things have symmetry in his tablet_;" "The window was so far superior to every other in the church, _that the vanquished artist killed himself from mortification_."
(8) CONDITION: "_If we tire of the saints_, Shakespeare is our city of refuge;" "Who cares for that, _so thou gain aught wider and nobler_?" "You can die grandly, and as goddesses would die _were goddesses mortal_."
(9) CONCESSION, introduced by indefinite relatives, adverbs, and adverbial conjunctions,--_whoever_, _whatever_, _however_, etc.: "But still, _however good she may be as a witness_, Joanna is better;" "_Whatever there may remain of illiberal in discussion_, there is always something illiberal in the severer aspects of study."