The older form of the third person plural ended in _e_ or _a_, _anedha_, _dredha_, _ganse_, _orte_, _ragdha_, _dhedhe_, _warnedhe_, _ynna_; but this form became obsolete by the middle of the seventeenth century, and these pronominal prepositions were assimilated to the third person plural of verbs. In this the Cornish began by resembling Breton and ended by approaching more nearly to Welsh.
The pronominal preposition form of _dhô_ has variants for the first and second persons singular and first person plural, _dhemmo_, to me, _dheso_, _dheso dî_, to thee, and _dhenny_, to us. These are formed by the addition of the personal pronoun in a fuller form. In the cases of the other prepositions it is not uncommon to add the personal pronouns at the end of the pronominal compound, forming thereby a single word with the accent on the last syllable. Thus:—
_genev vî_, with me, pronounced _genavî_.
_genough whŷ_, with you, pronounced _genowhŷ_.
In later Cornish these pronominal prepositions compounds were often neglected, and the prepositions were often used with the second form of the personal pronoun, but this was only a corrupt following of English, not to be imitated.
1. A simple relative, who or which, whether in the nominative or accusative, is represented most frequently by the particle _a_, governing the second state of the verb. Thus:—
_An Tâs a wrîg Nêv_, the Father who made heaven.
_An Nêv a wrîg an Tâs e_, the Heaven which the Father made.
If the verb following the relative begins with a vowel, _a_ is often omitted. Thus:—
_Ow thîs es genev_, my people who are with me.
If the relative sentence is negative, _ni_, not, coalesces with _a_, producing _na_. Thus:—
_En le na vê dên bisqweth_, in a place in which man never was.
When the relative is the object of the verb, or is preceded in English by a preposition, a redundant personal pronoun is added after the verb, with or without a combined preposition, but a preposition is never placed before the relative particle _a_ itself. Thus:—
_An dên a dhanvonas Dew e_, the man whom God sent (lit. whom God sent him).
_An dên a vê an gêr cowses ganso_, the man by whom the word was spoken (lit. whom the word was spoken by him).
2. _Neb_ (earlier _nep_, and in late Cornish sometimes _leb_) is also used as a relative, with similar construction to that of _a_ in the objective or prepositional condition. Properly it includes the antecedent, and should mean _he who_, _those who_, _that which_, _those whom_, etc., but it is commonly used as a simple relative, especially in late Cornish. Thus:—