An automorphism of an algebraic surface $S$ is called cohomologically (numerically) trivial if it acts identically on the second $l$-adic cohomology group (this group modulo torsion subgroup). Extending the results of S. Mukai and Y. Namikawa to arbitrary characteristic $p > 0$, we prove that the group of cohomologically trivial automorphisms $\rm{ Aut}_{ \rm{ ct}}(S)$ of an Enriques surface $S$ is of order $\leq 2$ if $S$ is not supersingular. If $p = 2$ and $S$ is supersingular, we show that $\rm{ Aut}_{ \rm{ ct}}(S)$ is a cyclic group of odd order $n\in \{ 1,2,3,5,7,11\}$ or the quaternion group $Q_8$ of order $8$ and we describe explicitly all the exceptional cases. If $K_S \neq 0$, we also prove that the group $\rm{ Aut}_{ \rm{ nt}}(S)$ of numerically trivial automorphisms is a subgroup of a cyclic group of order $\leq 4$ unless $p = 2$, where $\rm{ Aut}_{ \rm{ nt}}(S)$ is a subgroup of a $2$-elementary group of rank $\leq 2$.
Categories: math.AG