[Illustration: _Figure 21: Mockery of Enemy Propaganda Slogans._ Home-front propaganda was sometimes repeated in an inappropriate place, in order to achieve an effect contrary to that originally intended. These Nazi leaflets, dropped on American detachments in Europe, used modifications of the "It's Your Job!" posters and advertisements used by the U.S. for home-front purposes.]
[Illustration: _Figure 22: Mockery of Enemy Propaganda Technique._ When the content of enemy propaganda cannot be attacked, the media themselves can sometimes be criticized. This German leaflet attempted utilization of potential suspicions of Hollywood. In so doing, it used three techniques: built up from a news item, suitably faked; raised suspicion of the movies which the Germans knew our Army showed for morale purposes; and spread racial hate.]
The analyst looks in the direction in which the message is going. He defines the _propaganda presentation_ of the people who get the message in terms of _all the public information to which the persons addressed have access_. If he does not know the purpose of the message, he may divine it from the character of the audience and from the effect he presumes the message may reasonably be expected to have upon the audience. If he does not know the audience, he can at least follow the physical transit of the message. In what language does it move? Whence? Whither? When?
[Illustration: _Figure 23: Direct Reply leaflet._ World War II propagandists often succumbed to the temptation of using the enemy materials and sending them right back. Sarcasm can be effective if the reader identifies himself with the speaker and not with the addressee. In this Nazi leaflet from the Anzio beachhead, the Germans probably antagonized more Americans than they befriended. A simple statement of the news would have been more effective. (Signal Corps photo.)]
=The Stasm Formula.= The formula given earlier (page 44) was found useful in the spot analysis of German broadcasts, both open and clandestine, and Japanese materials, during the last months of the war. The formula reads:
=S=ource (including Media) =T=ime =A=udience =S=ubject =M=ission
The neologism, _Stasm_, may serve a mnemonic purpose.