Allegro was the brand name of a now defunct high-speed train service, operated by Alstom VR Class Sm6 trains, between Helsinki, Finland, and St. Petersburg, Russia.
History
The service started on 12 December 2010. The aim was to reduce travel time between Helsinki and Saint Petersburg: before Allegro, the journey time was 5½ hours; it became 3 hours and 27 minutes over a journey of and there were plans to bring it down to 3 hours. The name Allegro is a musical term for a quick tempo, thereby suggesting "high speed". On board the inaugural service were Finnish president Tarja Halonen and Russian prime minister Vladimir Putin.
The service was suspended between 18 March 2020 and 11 December 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Service resumed with restrictions on 12 December 2021.
During the 2022 Russian financial crisis, in the aftermath of international sanctions placed on Russian companies following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Allegro train became a primary means for people to leave Russia. As European airspace had been closed to Russian planes, and Russian airspace is closed to European planes, the train is the only passenger connection between Russia and the European Union. EU authorities have asked VR to keep this train running so that those wishing to leave Russia can do so (though as part of COVID-19 restrictions, only Finnish and Russian citizens had been allowed to use the train, and it runs only twice a day at half-capacity, of 327 passengers; but operators had been working to lift those restrictions in order to allow the evacuation of other nationals). The train has been suspended since 27 March 2022 due to the aforementioned sanctions.
In August 2022, it became known that VR Group had written off all Allegro trains and their spare parts for a total amount of 45.4 million euros. The operator does not plan to resume their use. The trains were owned by Karelian Trains, a 50–50 joint venture between VR Group (Finnish Railways) and Russian Railways (RZD).
Route
Allegro connected the following stations: St. Petersburg (Finlyandsky station) Vyborg Vainikkala Kouvola Lahti Tikkurila Helsinki (Central Station)
The trains also stopped previously in Pasila like every other passenger train from and to Helsinki, but this stop was discontinued between 27 March 2016 and 29 March 2020, when the stop in Pasila was revived.
Vainikkala (on the Finnish side of the border) and Vyborg are special stations: on trains bound for Finland, passengers are not allowed to leave the train at Vyborg, as the train only stops to pick up passengers; and on trains bound for Russia, passengers are not allowed to leave the train at Vainikkala, for the same reason.
Border controls
On board the train, each passenger was visited by Finnish Border Guard and customs officers, as well as their Russian counterparts. Finnish border control took place while the train was travelling between Kouvola and Vainikkala, while Russian border control took place while the train was travelling between Vyborg and St Petersburg. If boarding/exiting at Vainikkala or Vyborg, the checks took place inside these stations.
Vehicles
The Allegro service was operated using Class Sm6 trainsets built by Alstom. Sm6 stands for electric multiple unit (, literally 'electric motor train') model 6.
The Sm6 appears externally similar to VR's earlier Sm3 Pendolino series, but is based on the fourth generation 'Pendolino Nuovo' or 'New Pendolino' designs and its construction differs from the Sm3 in many ways.
The top speed of the train in passenger traffic is which can be reached between Kerava and Lahti. The train can run at a speed of between Tikkurila and Luumäki and Vyborg and St. Petersburg after extensive rail works. The aim was to reduce travel time between Helsinki and Saint Petersburg from 5½ hours to 3 hours. The travel time was 3 hours 27 minutes.
All four Sm6 trains were refurbished by VR FleetCare between 2018 and 2019. The Sm6 fleet was primarily maintained at Ilmala depot north of Helsinki, although some maintenance mainly related to Russian technical systems was also performed in Saint Petersburg.