See Horace Walpole, _Letters_, edited by P. Cunningham (9 vols., London, 1857), many of the letters being addressed to Conway; _Memoirs of the Last Ten years of the Reign of George II._ (2 vols., London, 1822); _Memoirs of the Reign of George III._, edited by Sir D. le Marchant (4 vols., London, 1845); _Journal of the Reign of George III._, 1771-1783 (2 vols., London, 1859). See also the duke of Buckingham and Chandos, _Memoirs of the Court and Cabinets of George III._ (4 vols., London, 1853). Much information about Conway will also be found in the biographies of his leading contemporaries, Rockingham, Shelburne, Chatham, Pitt and Fox. (R. J. M.)
CONWAY, HUGH, the nom-de-plume of FREDERICK JOHN FARGUS (1847-1885), English novelist, who was born at Bristol on the 26th of December 1847, the son of an auctioneer. He was intended for his father's business, but at the age of thirteen joined the training-ship "Conway" in the Mersey. In deference to his father's wishes, however, he gave up the idea of becoming a sailor, and returned to Bristol, where he was articled to a firm of accountants till on his father's death in 1868 he took over the family business. While a clerk he had written the words for various songs, adopting the nom-de-plume Hugh Conway in memory of his days on the training-ship. Mr Arrowsmith, the Bristol printer and publisher, took an interest in his work, and Fargus's first short story appeared in _Arrowsmith's Miscellany_. In 1883 Fargus published through Arrowsmith his first long story, _Called Back_, of which over 350,000 copies were sold within four years. A dramatic version of this book was produced in London in 1884, and in this year Fargus published another story, _Dark Days_. Ordered to the Riviera for his health, he caught typhoid fever, and died at Monte Carlo on the 15th of May 1885. Several other books from his pen appeared posthumously, notably _A Family Affair_.
CONWAY, MONCURE DANIEL (1832-1907), American clergyman and author, was born of an old Virginia family in Stafford county, Virginia, on the 17th of March 1832. He graduated at Dickinson College in 1849, studied law for a year, and then became a Methodist minister in his native state. In 1852, owing largely to the influence of Ralph Waldo Emerson, his religious and political views underwent a radical change, and he entered the Harvard Divinity School, where he graduated in 1854. Here he fell under the influence of "transcendentalism," and became an outspoken abolitionist. On his return to Virginia this fact and his rumoured connexion with the attempt to rescue the fugitive slave, Anthony Burns, in Boston aroused the bitter hostility of his old neighbours and friends, and in consequence he left the state. In 1854-1856 he was pastor of a Unitarian church at Washington, D.C., but his anti-slavery views brought about his dismissal. From 1856 to 1861 he was a Unitarian minister in Cincinnati, Ohio, where, also, he edited a short-lived liberal periodical called _The Dial_. Subsequently he was an editor of the _Commonwealth_ in Boston, Mass., and wrote _The Rejected Stone_ (1861) and _The Golden Hour_ (1862), both powerful pleas for emancipation. In 1862-1863, during the Civil War, he lectured in England in behalf of the North. From 1863 to 1884 he was the minister of the South Place chapel, Finsbury, London; and during this time wrote frequently for the London press. In 1884 he returned to the United States to devote himself to literary work. In addition to those above mentioned, his publications include _Tracts for To-day_ (1858), _The Natural History of the Devil_ (1859), _Testimonies Concerning Slavery_ (1864), _The Earthward Pilgrimage_ (1870), _Republican Superstitions_ (1872), _Idols and Ideals_ (1871), _Demonology and Devil Lore_ (2 vols., 1878), _A Necklace of Stories_ (1879), _Thomas Carlyle_ (1881), _The Wandering Jew_ (1881), _Emerson at Home and Abroad_ (1882), _Pine and Palm_ (2 vols., 1887), _Life and Papers of Edmund Randolph_ (1888), _The Life of Thomas Paine_ with an unpublished sketch of Paine by William Cobbett (2 vols., 1892), _Solomon and Solomonic Literature_ (1899), his _Autobiography_ (2 vols., 1900), and _My Pilgrimage to the Wise Men of the East_ (1906). Conway died on the 15th of November 1907.