[177] W. R. S. Ralston, _Songs of the Russian People_, pp. 117 _et seq._
[178] _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, XXVI (1897). p. 23.
Bee-souls figure in Scottish folk-stories. Hugh Miller relates a story of a sleeping man from whose mouth the soul issued in the form of the bee.[180] Another of like character is related by a clergyman.[181] Both are located in the north of Scotland, where, as in the south of England, the custom was prevalent of "telling the bees" when a death took place, and of placing crape on hives. The bee-mandible symbol appears on Scottish sculptured stones. Both the bee and the butterfly were connected with the goddess Artemis. Milk-yielding fig trees were fertilized by bees or wasps, and the goddess, especially in her form as Diana of the Ephesians, was connected with the fig tree, the figs being "teats".
[180] _My Schools and Schoolmasters_, Chapter VI.
[181] Rev. W. Forsyth, Dornoch, in _Folk-lore Journal_, VI, 171.
Little is known regarding the Hebridean sea-god _Seonaidh_ (pronounced "shony"), who may have been a form of the sea-god known to the Irish as Lir and to the Welsh as Llyr. His name connects him with the word _seonadh_, signifying "augury", "sorcery", "druidism". According to Martin, the inhabitants of Lewis contributed the malt from which ale was brewed for an offering to the gods. At night a man waded into the sea up to his middle and cried out, "Seonaidh! I give thee this cup of ale, hoping that thou wilt be so good as to send us plenty of sea-ware for enriching our ground during the coming year." He then poured the ale into the sea. The people afterwards gathered in the church of St. Mulway, and stood still for a time before the altar on which a candle was burning. When a certain signal was given the candle was extinguished. The people then made merry in the fields, drinking ale.
Deities as Birds--Triads of Gaelic Goddesses--Shape-shifting Goddesses--Black Annis of Leicestershire--The Scottish Black Annis--Black Kali and Black Demeter--Cat Goddess and Witches--A Scottish Artemis--Celtic Adonis Myth--The Cup of Healing--Myths of Gaelic Calendar--Irish and Scottish Mythologies Different--Scottish Pork Taboo--Eel tabooed in Scotland but not in England--Ancient English Food Taboos--Irish Danann Deities--Ancient Deities of England and Wales--The Apple Cult--English Wassailling Custom--The Magic Cauldron--The Holy Grail--Cauldron a Goddess Symbol--Pearls and Cows of the Cauldron--Goddess--Romano-British Deities--Grouped Goddesses--The Star Goddess--Sky and Sea Spirits.