This article is about the particular significance of the year 1809 to Wales and its people.
Incumbents
Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey – Henry Paget
Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire and Monmouthshire – Henry Somerset, 6th Duke of Beaufort Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire – Thomas Bulkeley, 7th Viscount Bulkeley Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire – Thomas Johnes Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire – George Rice, 3rd Baron Dynevor Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire – Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 5th Baronet Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire – Robert Grosvenor, 1st Marquess of Westminster Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan – John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire - Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 5th Baronet Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire – Edward Clive, 1st Earl of Powis Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire – Richard Philipps, 1st Baron Milford Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire – George Rodney, 3rd Baron Rodney
Bishop of Bangor – John Randolph (until 9 August); Henry Majendie (from 5 October) Bishop of Llandaff – Richard Watson Bishop of St Asaph – William Cleaver Bishop of St Davids – Thomas Burgess
Events
9 February - South Stack Lighthouse off Anglesey first illuminated. 10 May - Stapleton Cotton plays a prominent role in the Battle of Grijó. date unknown David Hughes, Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, donates £105 towards scholarships to give South Wales the same level of support as North Wales. Hawarden Castle is enlarged. Restoration of Brecon Castle as a hotel begins. John Rice Jones begins lead mining across the Mississippi in the future state of Missouri. Jeremiah Homfray opens a level at Richard Griffiths' lease in Trehafod in the Rhondda; the first full scale attempt to mine coal in the area.
Arts and literature
New books
Edward Davies - The Mythology and Rites of the British Druids
Zaccheus Davies - Cân am y Farn
Thomas Evans (Tomos Glyn Cothi) - An English-Welsh Dictionary neu Eir-Lyfr Saesneg a Chymraeg Theophilus Jones - History of the County of Brecknock, vol. 2 Henry Parry (editor) Grammatica Britannica, 2nd edition (1st edition by John Davies of Mallwyd)
Music
George Thomson - A Selected Collection of Original Welsh Airs (1st edition)
Births
18 January - John Gwyn Jeffreys, conchologist (died 1885) 15 February - Owen Jones, architect (died 1874) 17 April - Thomas Brigstocke, painter (died 1881) 24 May - William Chambers, politician (died 1882) 26 May - G. T. Clark, engineer (died 1885) 11 August - Robert Thomas (Ap Vychan), writer (died 1880) 20 August - Morris Williams (Nicander), writer (died 1874) 27 October - Lewis Edwards, Nonconformist minister and educator (died 1887) 22 December - John Hanmer, 1st Baron Hanmer, politician (died 1882) 18 January - Evan James, weaver and mill-owner, lyricist of the Welsh national anthem (died 1878)