It is not the intention of the author to go into great detail in this work, nor to outline to any great extent the theoretical side of the subject, but rather to make the work as brief as possible, keeping the practical side of the subject before him and not going into concise descriptions of machinery as is very usual in works on this subject. Illustrations are merely added to show typical kinds of machinery used.
The author wishes to take this opportunity of thanking Messrs. L. S. Levy and E. W. Drew for the reading of proof, and Mr. C. W. Aiken of the Houchin-Aiken Co., for his aid in making the illustrations a success, as well as others who have contributed in the compiling of the formulae for various soaps. He trusts that this work may prove of value to those engaged in soap manufacture.
4. Fats and Oils Used in Soap Manufacture 3-4 Fullers' Earth Process for Bleaching Tallow 4-6 Method for Further Improvement of Color in Tallow 6 Vegetable Oils 6-9 Chrome Bleaching of Palm Oil 9-12 Air Bleaching of Palm Oil 12-16
5. Rancidity of Oils and Fats 16-18 Prevention of Rancidity 18
6. Chemical Constants of Oils and Fats 18-19
9. Rosin (Colophony, Yellow Rosin, Resina) 22-23
12. Alkalis 25-26 Caustic Soda 26 Caustic Potash 26-28 Sodium Carbonate (Soda Ash) 28-29 Potassium Carbonate 29
13. Additional Material Used in Soap Making 29-30
CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENT OF A SOAP PLANT 31-34
CLASSIFICATION OF SOAP MAKING METHODS 35-46
1. Laundry Soap 48 Semi-Boiled Laundry Soap 49-50 Settled Rosin Soap 50-54
2. Chip Soap 54-55 Cold Made Chip Soap 55-56 Unfilled Chip Soap 56
3. Soap Powders 56-59 Light Powders 60-61
7. Toilet Soap 65-68 Cheaper Toilet Soaps 68-69 Run and Glued-up Soaps 69-71 Curd Soap 71-72 Cold Made Toilet Soaps 72-73 Perfuming and Coloring Toilet Soaps 73-75 Coloring Soap 75-76
8. Medicinal Soaps 76-77 Sulphur Soaps 77 Tar Soap 77 Soaps Containing Phenols 77-78 Peroxide Soap 78 Mercury Soaps 78 Less Important Medicinal Soaps 78-79
11. Transparent Soap 82-84 Cold Made Transparent Soap 84-87
12. Shaving Soaps 87-90 Shaving Powder 90 Shaving Cream 90-93
15. Use of Hardened Oils in Toilet Soaps 96-98
16. Textile Soaps 98 Scouring and Fulling Soaps for Wool 98-100 Wool Thrower's Soap 100-101 Worsted Finishing Soaps 101 Soaps Used in the Silk Industry 101-103 Soaps Used for Cotton Goods 103-104