The Project Gutenberg eBook of USFWS Circular 16: Migration of Birds (1979), by Frederick C. Lincoln
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Title: USFWS Circular 16: Migration of Birds (1979)
Author: Frederick C. Lincoln Steven R. Peterson
Release Date: May 01, 2021 [eBook #65222]
Produced by: Tom Cosmas from materials made available on The Internet Archive.
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK USFWS CIRCULAR 16: MIGRATION OF BIRDS (1979)
***Emphasized text is denoted by =Bold= and _Italics_.
FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE / UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE / UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
TECHNIQUES FOR STUDYING MIGRATION 7 Direct Observation 7 Aural 8 Preserved Specimens 8 Marking 8 Bands, Collars, Streamers 8 Radio Tracking 10 Radar Observation 10 Laboratory 11 Orientation and Navigation 11 Physiology of Migration 11
WHEN BIRDS MIGRATE 17 Time of Year 17 Time of Day 20
SEGREGATION DURING MIGRATION 35 By Individuals or Groups of Species 35 By Age 36 By Sex 38 By Kinds of Flocks 40
WHERE BIRDS MIGRATE 41 Migration by Populations Within Species 41 Fall Flights Not Far South of Breeding Range 42 Long Distance Migration 44
PERILS OF MIGRATION 58 Storms 58 Aerial Obstructions 58 Exhaustion 59
ROUTES OF MIGRATION 61 General Considerations 61 Flyways and Corridors 62 Narrow Routes 65 Converging Routes 65 Principal Routes From North America 69 Atlantic Oceanic Route 69 Atlantic Coast Route and Tributaries 70 Mackenzie Valley-Great Lakes-Mississippi Valley Route and Tributaries 73 Great Plains-Rocky Mountain Routes 75 Pacific Coast Route 76 Pacific Oceanic Route 80 Arctic Routes 80
PATTERNS OF MIGRATION 82 Loops 82 Dog-legs 87 Pelagic Wandering 90 Leap-frogging 90 Vertical Migration 91 Pre-migratory Movements 91 Vagrant Migration 92
LIST OF BIRD SPECIES MENTIONED IN TEXT 115