The Northcliffe Branch, also known as the Northcliffe Section or Picton to Northcliffe Line, is the railway route between Picton and Northcliffe in Western Australia.
History
The line was the first one in the Bunbury area, officially opening as the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) Bunbury-Boyanup Railway on 12 March 1891. Keane had commenced construction in 1887 and the line was largely complete by late 1888, but financial difficulties delayed the opening for several years.
Construction continued, with the official opening of the Byfield & Risely-constructed Boyanup-Donnybrook section on 16 November 1893. A few months prior, the South Western Railway opened between Pinjarra and Bunbury, absorbing the Bunbury-Picton section of the Boyanup line. A year later, on 21 November 1894, the first section of the Flinders Bay Branch opened between Boyanup and Busselton, coinciding with a reconfiguration of Boyanup Station to a transfer-friendly island platform arrangement.
The Donnybrook to Bridgetown section of the line was constructed by Hedges and officially opened on 1 November 1898. Bridgetown remained the terminus for a number of years, however the first section of the Donnybrook-Katanning railway, to Noggerup, was built by the Public Works Department and opened on 26 March 1908. The Northcliffe line was next extended to Jardee (originally called Jarnadup), with the Public Works Department-built section opening on 14 June 1911. The State Saw Mills were created in 1913 by the Scaddan Government to support the State Government's desire to supply sleepers for the Trans-Australian Railway project. In order to service this sleeper supply contract, the State Saw Mills opened two mills south of Jardee, in Big Brook (now called Pemberton). The line from Jardee to Pemberton was constructed by the Public Works Department and opened as a State Saw Mills tramway on 20 January 1914.
The Group Settlement Scheme greatly impacted the development of the region, with the first settlers arriving near Manjimup in 1921. After lobbying from settlers, the line from Jarnadup to Pemberton was upgraded with heavier rails and station buildings constructed, with ownership transferring to WAGR line on 11 October 1926. While pre-construction and surveys of the line to serve the settlers further south in Northcliffe commenced in 1924, significant works did not commence until 1929. The Public Works Department built the line at significant cost to navigate the terrain, making it the most expensive railway per mile in the state when it officially opened on 27 November 1933. The final train to Pemberton operated in December 1986, after which time the line was leased and used as a tramway by the Pemberton Tramway Company.
Beyond Northcliffe
When the line from Jardee was taken over by the WAGR and extended to Northcliffe it was considered as part of a longer line connecting to the Nornalup Branch to provide a southern route to Albany. The initial intent was to continue construction of the line beyond Northcliffe to Westcliffe, with surveys undertaken for this section. However, as the costs of the Northcliffe section soared, the decision was made to terminate the line there in 1933.
While the WAGR never built the line to Westcliffe, the Kauri Timber Company did use 11km of the surveyed alignment for its timber tramway from Northcliffe. This included a notable long, high timber bridge over Palm Creek.
Royal train derailment
The Northcliffe Branch is notable for being the site of a Royal train derailment. During the then Prince of Wales' (Edward VIII) visit to the region in 1920 he travelled by special train, which derailed near Wilgarup while travelling from Manjimup to Bridgetown. Photos of the incident indicate that his carriage rolled, ending on its side. No significant injuries were noted.
Alignment
As operated by the WAGR, the line was from Picton to Northcliffe. Most of the line remains in place, although disused, with few changes since it was last operated. However, a section through Manjimup has been lifted as part of its Town Centre Revitalisation project, although the rail reserve remains theoretically available for future rail uses.
Like all railways outside of Perth, the line is not electrified and is predominantly single-track, with passing loops at various locations. The section from Picton to Lambert is controlled by the Arc Infrastructure, with the remainder of the line to Northcliffe controlled by the Pemberton Tramway Company, under arrangement with the Public Transport Authority.