Saint Kevin (modern Irish ; Old Irish , ; Latinized ; 498 (reputedly)–3 June 618) is an Irish saint, known as the founder and first abbot of Glendalough in County Wicklow, Ireland. His feast day is 3 June.
Early life
Kevin's life is not well-documented because no contemporaneous material survives.
There is a late-medieval Latin Vita, preserved among the records of the Franciscan Convent in Dublin, edited by John Colgan as part of the Acta Sanctorum Hiberniae. According to that account, Kevin (like St. Columba) was of noble birth, the son of Coemlog and Coemell of Leinster. It says he was born in 498 AD at the Fort of the White Fountain and baptized by Saint Cronan of Roscrea. His given name Coemgen (anglicized Kevin) means "fair-begotten", or "of noble birth". A tradition cited in the 17th century makes Kevin the pupil of Saint Petroc of Cornwall, who had come to Leinster about 492. That claim is not found in the extant late-medieval and early-modern hagiography of the saint, and appears to be based in a Vita breviora which the Bollandist editors obtained from Henry Fitzsimon, but which is no longer extant.
The Vita also contains a number of legends which, according to Colgan's co-editor Francis Baert, are of "doubtful veracity", but were kept in the 17th-century edition because they were assumed to date to the medieval period. For example, the text includes an infancy legend involving a white cow, said to have come to his parent's house every morning and evening, which supplied the milk for the baby.
Glendalough
Glendalough, or the Glen of Two Lakes, is one of the most important sites of monastic ruins in Ireland. Before the arrival of St. Kevin, this glen would have been lonely and remote and would have been ideal for a secluded retreat.
Hermitage
Bishop Lugidus ordained Kevin and, following his ordination, he moved on to Glendalough in order to avoid the company of his followers. He lived as a hermit in a partially man-made cave (sometimes incorrectly described as a Bronze Age tomb) now known as St. Kevin's Bed, to which he was led, in the account of the Vita, by an angel.
St. Kevin's Bed can best be described as a man-made cave cut in the rock face very close to the mountain's edge. It overlooks the upper lake from a height of about . The approach to the cave is very difficult, with access to it through a rectangular space and a short passageway high and wide. The inner or main part of the cave is just wide and less than high. It is reasonable to assume that the cave could only have been used as a sleeping place, and would have been impossible for an adult to stand upright in, so it is quite likely that St Kevin only used it as his bed, or a place for pious prayer or meditation.
There is a legend that claims that St Laurence O'Toole used the "bed" as he frequently made penitential visits to Glendalough, especially during the season of Lent. Michael Dwyer, the famous Wicklow rebel, is reputed to have taken shelter in the "bed" while he was on the run from British soldiers. The story goes that he escaped capturing one morning by diving into the lake and swimming to the opposite side. Today, it is perilous to try to approach the "bed" from the side of Lugduff Mountain. Visitors, in the interests of their own safety, should be content with a distant view of it.
Monastery
Kevin lived the life of a hermit there with an extraordinary closeness to nature. His companions were the animals and birds all around him. He lived as a hermit for seven years wearing only animal skins, sleeping on stones, and eating very sparingly.
He went barefoot and spent his time in prayer. Disciples were soon attracted to Kevin and a further settlement enclosed by a wall, called Kevin's Cell, was established nearer the lakeshore. By 540 Saint Kevin's fame as a teacher and holy man had spread far and wide. Many people came to seek his help and guidance. Glendalough grew into a renowned seminary of saints and scholars and the parent of several other monasteries.
In 544, Kevin went to the Hill of Uisneach in County Westmeath to visit the holy abbots, Sts. Columba, Comgall and Cannich. He then proceeded to Clonmacnoise, where St. Cieran had died three days before. Having firmly established his community, he retired into solitude for four years and only returned to Glendalough at the earnest request of his monks. Until his death around 618, Kevin presided over his monastery in Glendalough, living his life by fasting, praying, and teaching. St Kevin is one of the patron saints of the Diocese of Dublin.