M44 Seclusion of girls at puberty among the Esquimaux.
130 H. J. Holmberg, "Ueber die Völker des Russischen Amerika," _Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae_, iv. (Helsingfors, 1856) pp. 401 _sq._; Ivan Petroff, _Report on the Population, Industries and Resources of Alaska_, p. 143.
131 E. W. Nelson, "The Eskimo about Bering Strait," _Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology_, Part i. (Washington, 1899) p. 291.
M45 Seclusion of girls at puberty among the Guaranis, Chiriguanos, and Lengua Indians of South America.
132 Jose Guevara, "Historia del Paraguay, Rio de la Plata, y Tucuman," pp. 16 _sq._, in Pedro de Angelis, _Coleccion de Obras y Documentos relativos a la Historia antigua y moderna de las Provincias del Rio de la Plata_, vol. ii. (Buenos-Ayres, 1836); J. F. Lafitau, _Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains_ (Paris, 1724), i. 262 _sq._
133 Father Ignace Chomé, in _Lettres Édifiantes et Curieuses_, Nouvelle Édition (Paris, 1780-1783), viii. 333. As to the Chiriguanos, see C. F. Phil. von Martius, _Zur Ethnographie Amerika's, zumal Brasiliens_ (Leipsic, 1867), pp. 212 _sqq._; Colonel G. E. Church, _Aborigines of South America_ (London, 1912), pp. 207-227.
134 A. Thouar, _Explorations dans l'Amérique du Sud_ (Paris, 1891), pp. 48 _sq._; G. Kurze, "Sitten und Gebräuche der Lengua-Indianer," _Mitteilungen der Geographischen Gesellschaft zu Jena_, xxiii. (1905) pp. 26 _sq._ The two accounts appear to be identical; but the former attributes the custom to the Chiriguanos, the latter to the Lenguas. As the latter account is based on the reports of the Rev. W. B. Grubb, a missionary who has been settled among the Indians of the Chaco for many years and is our principal authority on them, I assume that the ascription of the custom to the Lenguas is correct. However, in the volume on the Lengua Indians, which has been edited from Mr. Grubb's papers (_An Unknown People in an Unknown Land_, London, 1911), these details as to the seclusion of girls at puberty are not mentioned, though what seems to be the final ceremony is described (_op. cit._ pp. 177 _sq._). From the description we learn that boys dressed in ostrich feathers and wearing masks circle round the girl with shrill cries, but are repelled by the women.