Kosmos 283 ( meaning Cosmos 283), known before launch as DS-P1-Yu No.19, was a Soviet satellite which was used as a radar calibration target for tests of anti-ballistic missiles. It was a spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and launched in 1969 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme.
Kosmos 283 was launched from Site 133/1 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome, atop a Kosmos-2I 63SM carrier rocket. The launch occurred on 27 May 1969 at 12:59:59 UTC, and resulted in Kosmos 283's successful deployment into low Earth orbit. Upon reaching orbit, it was assigned its Kosmos designation, and received the International Designator 1969-047A.
Kosmos 283 was operated in an orbit with a perigee of , an apogee of , 81.9 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 100.5 minutes. It remained in orbit until it decayed and reentered the atmosphere on 10 December 1969. It was the twenty-first of seventy nine DS-P1-Yu satellites to be launched, and the twentieth of seventy two to successfully reach orbit.