The _locus classicus_ for his theory is _Pol._ i. 4-7. 1253_b_14 ff.; 13. 1259_b_21 ff. For good criticisms, cf. Wallon, _Histoire de l’esclavage dans l’antiquité_, 2d ed., pp. 372 ff.; and Barker, _op. cit._, 1. Cf. also Newman, _op. cit._, I, 143 ff.

_Ibid._ 33-39. Aristotle would have been satisfied with electricity.

A History of Greek Economic Thought — Part 98

1254_a_8, cited on p. 88, n. 10. This relieves the severity of the doctrine, since it shows that he thinks chiefly of domestic slavery. But in his proposed state, all industry is manned by slaves. Cf. iv (vii). 1330_a_25-31.

A History of Greek Economic Thought — Part 98

_Pol._ 1254_a_9-13; cf. _Eud. Eth._ 1241_b_17-24.

A History of Greek Economic Thought — Part 98

1254_a_28-31; 1254_b_15. As Wallon (_op. cit._, p. 391) points out, his radical error is a constant confusion of hypothesis with reality.

_Ibid._ 30-40; 1254_b_10-13; 1253_b_7; 18 f., cf. _Eud. Eth._ 1241_b_17 ff.

1254_b_6-10; 11 f.; 16-20; 1255_b_6-15; a doctrine emphasized by Plato, _Rep._ 590D; _Laws_ 645B, 714A, 818A, 684C, as also by Carlyle and Ruskin; cf. Shorey, _Class. Phil._, IX (1914), 355 ff. Though Ruskin believed that natural slavery was the inevitable lot of many men, he did not uphold negro slavery, _Mun. Pul._, v, 133 (Vol. XVII, 256 f.); Time and Tide, p. 149 (Vol. XVII, 438). But he pointed to the white economic slavery as equally bad, _Stones of Venice_, II (Vol. X, 193); Time and Tide, p. 105 (Vol. XVII, 403); _Crown of Wild Olive_, 119; _Cestus Aglaia_, p. 55.

_Ibid._ 25 f.: καὶ τὸν ἀνάξιον δουλεύειν οὐδαμῶς ἂν φαίη τις δοῦλον εἶναι.

1255_b_20-22. Barker (_op. cit._, p. 369, n. 1) well observes that this is a challenge of the right of slavery, not an argument for it, and that it may have impressed his contemporaries so. Cf. Ruskin: “So there is only one way to have good servants; that is to be worthy of being well served.” (_Letters on Servants and Houses_, Vol. XVII, 5-18, App. V); cf. also pp. 520 ff.

1260_a_2-4; 14-16; cf. 33 ff., which sets a limit on the slave’s virtue.

1260_a_39-42; 1260_b_2 f. Cf. Ruskin, _Fors Clav._, III, Letter 28, 14, on the virtue of the “menial” condition.

_N. Eth._ 1161_b_1-10, especially 5: ᾗ μὲν οῦν δοῦλος, οὔκ ἐστι φιλία πρὸς αὐτόν, ᾗ δ᾽ ἄνθρωπος.

Cf. his reference to Cleisthenes’ gift of Athenian citizenship to many slaves; also his own emancipation, by will, of five of his own slaves (Diog. L. V. 1. 9).