_Pol._ 1257_b_5-8, and the whole of 1257_b_; 1258_b_1-5.
_N. Eth._ 1121_b_34: καὶ τοκισταὶ κατὰ μικρὰ καὶ ἐπὶ πολλῷ. Cf. Zell’s translation.
_Pol._ 1258_b_1-8; but cf. p. 39 on this point. The etymology should not be taken seriously. Ruskin cites Aristotle on this point. Cf. above, p. 39, n. 10.
Cf. Barker, _op. cit._, p. 385 and n. 2, where he criticizes Poehlmann for his idea that Aristotle “is attacking a great credit system,” and “is enunciating a gospel of socialism.” But cf. _infra._
_Ibid._ 33 ff.; for further discussion of chrematistik, cf. _infra._
Cf. Haney, _op. cit._, p. 49: “In Athens, the circulation of capital was inconsiderable, and money was not lent for productive purposes as often as for the purpose of relieving distress”; Souchon, _op. cit._, p. 93, though (pp. 106 f.) he recognizes the other side.
Cf. Paley and Sandys ed., especially _Or._ xxxvi; Isoc. _Trapeziticus_; Boeckh, _op. cit._, I, 160 ff.; V. Brants, “Les operations de banque dans la Grèce antique,” _Le Muséon_, I, 2, 196-203; Koutorga, _Le trapézites_, (Paris, 1859); cf. also E. Meyer, _Kleine Schriften_.
_Or._ xxxvi. 44: εἰ δὲ τοῦτ᾽ ἀγνοεῖς, ὅτι πίστις ἀφορμὴ τῶν πασῶν ἐστὶ μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν, πᾶν ἂν ἀγνοήσειας.
Cf. p. 105, n. 7, on Souchon; E. Boehm von Bawerk (_Capital und Capitalzins_, [1900] I, 17 f.) says: “Die Geschäftsleute und Praktiker standen sicher auf der zinsfreundlichen Seite.” He accounts for the fact that almost the only passages against interest are in the philosophers by the inference that to uphold interest was superfluous, and to oppose it was useless. Poehlmann exaggerates both the degree of credit operations, and the prejudice of Aristotle.
_Ibid._ 22-28; _N. Eth._ v. 5. 1133_b_26-28.
_Pol._ 1257_a_30 ff. These two periods of οἰκονομική and χρηματιστική correspond well to the German terms _Naturalwirtschaft_ and _Geldwirtschaft_. Kautz (_op. cit._, p. 137, n. 4) says that this antithesis was about as dear to Aristotle as it is to moderns. For the terms, cf. _infra._
_N. Eth._ v. 4. 1132_b_11-1133_b_28; cf. also under value and money, above; cf. _Mag. mor._ i. 33. 1193_b_19 ff.
1132_b_11-20; cf. _Rep._ 369B-C; 370B, for a similar idea of Plato.
_Ibid._ 32-34, especially τῷ ἀντιποιεῖν ἀνάλογον συμμένει ἡ πίλις; 17 f.; Stewart, _op. cit._, I, 449.