In Pittsburg and the two counties just named, are 8 paper mills, valued at $165,000.
In Pittsburg and vicinity are 5 steam mills, which employ 50 hands. Value of their products annually, $80,000.
There are 5 brass foundries and 8 coppersmiths' shops. Value of the manufactures, $25,000.
Within the limits of the city, there are 30 blacksmiths' shops, which employ 136 hands. There are also 4 gunsmiths, and 9 silversmiths and watch repairers.
In Pittsburg and the counties of Westmoreland and Alleghany, there are 26 saddleries; and 41 tanneries, 64 brick yards, and 11 potteries. There are in the city 4 breweries, and 4 white lead manufactories, at which 7,400 kegs are made annually; value, $27,900.
There are 6 printing-offices in Pittsburg, and 6 more in the two counties.
The estimated value of the manufactures of every kind in Pittsburg, and the counties of Alleghany and Westmoreland, in 1831, was $3,978,469.
Doubtless they have greatly increased since.
_Coal._--The bituminous coal formations around Pittsburg are well deserving the attention of geologists. Coal Hill, on the west side of the Monongahela, and immediately opposite Pittsburg, is the great source of this species of fuel, and the miners, in some places, have perforated the hill to the distance of several hundred feet. It is found in strata from 6 inches to 10 or 12 feet in thickness, and often at the height of 300 feet above the bed of the river, in the hills around Pittsburg, and along the course of the Alleghany and Monongahela. Below this one stratum, which is of equal elevation, none is found till you reach the base of the hill below the bed of the river. Besides supplying Pittsburg, large quantities are sent down the river.
There are in Pittsburg, (or _were_ two years since) three Baptist churches, or congregations, one of which is of Welch, four Presbyterian, four Methodist, one Episcopal, one Roman Catholic, (besides a cathedral on Grant's Hill,) one Covenanter, one Seceder, one German Reformed, one Unitarian, one Associate Reformed, one Lutheran, one African, and perhaps some others in the city or suburbs.
Of the public buildings deserving notice, I will name the _Western University of Pennsylvania_, which stands on the Monongahela, near Grant's Hill;--the _Penitentiary_, in Alleghany town, which has cost the State an immense amount, and is conducted on the principle of solitary confinement;--the _Presbyterian Theological Seminary_ is also in Alleghany town;--the _Museum_;--the _United States Arsenal_, about two miles above the city, at Lawrenceville. It encloses four acres, and has a large depot for ordnance, arms, &c. The _City Water Works_ is a splendid monument of municipal enterprise. The water is taken from the Alleghany river, by a pipe, 15 inches in diameter, and carried 2,439 feet, and 116 feet elevation, to a reservoir on Grant's Hill, capable of receiving 1,000,000 gallons. The water is raised by a steam-engine of 84 horse power, and will raise 1,500,000 gallons in 24 hours. The aqueduct of the Pennsylvania canal, across the Alleghany river, is also deserving attention.