I took the heart of a dog that had died the day before; I injected into one of the coronary arteries some water of the temperature of 30 degrees of the centigrade thermometer. This water returned easily by the coronary vein to the right auricle, whence it flowed into a vessel or dish. I poured half an ounce of slightly acid water into the pericardium. At first the injected water exhibited no sign of acidity; but in five or six minutes it presented unequivocal marks of it.
Absorption then can take place without the assistance of this sensibility, as well as of this insensible organic mobility, which is supposed to be in the ultimate vascular extremities, in the absorbing mouths, as they are called. But do these mouths really exist? Do the last capillary branches terminate abruptly with a large opening on the surface of the membranes or in the texture of the organs? Can the absorbed fluids pass through their parietes as oxygen does in the lungs to arrive at the blood which it modifies? We are unable to make experiments on these small vessels, that are not cognizable by our senses; let us make them on the large ones, and if they permit fluids, in which they are immersed, to pass through them, for a stronger reason we may suppose that it takes place in the capillaries, whose parietes are so much more delicate and consequently more permeable. Now we have confirmed by experiments what we had suspected; the first attempts were made on dead vessels.
I took a portion of the external jugular vein of a dog; I stripped it of the surrounding cellular texture; I attached to each of its extremities a glass tube by means of which I established a current of warm water through its interior; I then immersed the vein into a liquor slightly acid.
It is seen by the arrangement of the apparatus that there could not be any communication between the internal current of warm water and the external acid liquor.
During the first minutes the liquid that I collected did not change its nature; but after five or six minutes the water became perceptibly acid; absorption had taken place.
The same experiment was repeated on veins taken from human subjects; the effect was the same; it was the same also with the arteries, but a little slower from the greater thickness of their coats.