Olive oil 2030 Palm kernel 674 Soda lye, 35 per cent. B. 1506
Olive oil 2030 Cochin cocoanut oil 674 Soda lye, 36 per cent. B. 1523 Sodium Silicate 82
Palm kernel oil 1578 Tallow 940 Olive oil 7 Sodium silicate, 20 per cent. 190 Soda lye, 36 per cent. B. 1507
Olive oil (yellow) 1000 Soda lye, 37 per cent. B. 500
Olive oil 90 or Palm kernel } 10 Cochin or cocoanut oil } 10 Lye, 37 per cent. B. 51
If any of the soaps containing a high proportion of cocoanut oil are boiled the soap will float. It is therefore necessary to keep the temperature as low as possible.
Eschweger soap is a colored mottled or marbled soap made to a very slight extent in this country. Inasmuch as it has been introduced to the export trade, it is made for this purpose by some manufacturers. A high percentage of cocoanut oil is usually used together with tallow and grease. About one-third of each is a typical formula. In a soap of this character the fact that cocoanut oil soap takes up a large quantity of water and salts of various kinds and is difficult to salt out is made use of. The tallow and grease are first saponified as usual, then the cocoanut oil is pumped and saponified. When the saponification is nearly completed either silicate or carbonate of soda or common salt are added to make the soap "short" so as to form the mottle. The finishing of a soap of this type can only be gained by practice and it is rather difficult to explain the exact appearance of the kettle at this stage. The surface of the soap should be bright and lustrous with the steam escaping in numerous places in rose-like formation. A sample on the trowel should have a slight sharpness to the tongue and be plastic. When the soap slides from the trowel it should break short. When the soap has reached this stage the desired coloring matter, usually ultramarine, is added to the soap either in the kettle or crutcher and the soap framed. The yield is 200-215 pounds per hundred pounds of stock.
Several modifications of this general method for Eschweger soap are used by adopting the half boiled or cold process.
Transparent soap is really not a most desirable soap for toilet purposes, as it contains an excess of free alkali. It has, nevertheless, met with public approval because of the fact it is novel in being transparent. Except for this fact very little merit can be claimed for a soap of this kind.
