The European countries & the USA are currently experiencing a second wave of COVID-19. The number of daily cases being reported in each of these countries is way more than the numbers reported during the peak of the first wave. Along with increased testing, the Case Positivity Rates have also increased. Few days ago, United Kingdom announced the phasing out of its month long lockdown which was in effect since the beginning of this month. The lockdown was announced as a response to the increase in the number of COVID-19 cases in the country. Apart from UK, few other European countries have seen an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases being reported over the last month or so. These countries were among those which were the earliest ones to be hit by the COVID-19 pandemic earlier this year. Since then, the situation was brought under control and they are not witnessing a spike in the cases in the past couple of months. This is being considered as a second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Over the past couple of months, while the buzz in USA has been around US presidential elections, there has also been an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases being reported. In this story, we look at the trends relating to the second wave of COVID-19 infection across Europe & USA and ascertain the possible scenario in context of India. We have considered the data provided on Our World In Data portal, where the information is collated based on the data provided by authentic & reliable sources of each country. Number of cases significantly higher in the 2nd wave across Europe & USA Western European countries were among the first to be hit with a higher number reported cases of COVID-19 outside of China. Italy breached one thousand cases a day mark ( a high number in the initial days of COVID-19 pandemic) during the first week of March 2020 and peaked to around 5– 6 thousand daily cases by the last week of March 2020. The numbers fell gradually during April and by May, less than 1000 cases a day were reported. A similar trend was observed in other countries like Spain, UK, France and Germany where in significant numbers were reported during the first week of March with the daily numbers peaking during early April, followed by a gradual decline. Post May, the number of daily cases largely subsided in these countries. The quantum of the numbers differ among these countries but the trends remained the same. However, by Mid-July, Spain followed by France started to report higher number of daily COVID-19 cases, with the numbers peaking by the end of October & early November, indicating a second wave of COVID-19. The increase in the number of daily cases started comparatively late in UK, Italy & Germany. The number peaked in these countries during early November. The important aspect of the second wave is that significantly greater number of are reported from each of these countries compared to that of first wave. For instance, the highest number of cases recorded in Italy, Spain & France during the peak of first wave was around 5-6 thousand daily cases. However, during the second wave, the numbers range between 40-60 thousand daily cases during the peak period i.e. approximately 10 times more daily cases than during the peak period of the first wave. Russia’s trajectory is different from the other countries. After peaking late than the other countries, the drop has also not been as significant as in the case of others. The second wave is also a gradual increase than the sudden spike observed in the other countries. Over the past week however, there has been a steady decrease in the number of new daily cases reported from Spain, Italy, France & Germany. Meanwhile in USA, the number of new daily cases being reported over the past two weeks are consistently over one Lakh. During the first wave of COVID-19, the number of daily cases in the USA peaked around mid-July with 60-70 thousand daily cases. This was after a gradual growth of higher number of cases being reported since the end of March’2020. The peak was followed by a short period of decline, where in by mid-September around 30-40 thousand daily cases were being reported. Signs of a second wave were observed in early October followed by a gradual increase in the number of cases being reported daily. Since 05 November 2020, USA has recorded more than 1 lakh daily cases and this number is only increasing. It is yet to be seen if this is the peak-phase for the second wave or if the cases continue to increase. Increase in Case Positivity despite an increase in the number of tests The number of daily cases is not the only measure for understanding the spread of COVID-19 infection and the intensity of the 2 wave.