Johann Edel or Ivan Edel – Russian architect of German origin, and state councilor. Architect of many historical buildings in Baku, Azerbaijan, such as Isa bek Hajinski House, Mitrofanov's Residence, House with Griffins.
Biography
Young years
Johann Wilhelmovich Edel was born in 1863 in the German colony Bilovach, Borznyansky Uyezd, Chernigov province, in the family of Wilhelm Genrikhovich Edel, the honorary citizen of German origin, who later worked at the Baku lighthouse.
After baptism in the Orthodox Church, Johann Wilhelmovich Edel received the name Johann Vasilievich, and was known in the world as Ivan Vasilievich.
While studying at the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture of the Moscow Art Society, Edel created a project for a Lutheran prayer house, school and parsonage, and in 1886 he drew up an original project for the buildings of the Lutheran community in Baku. According to the project, however, only a school and an Evangelical Lutheran Church were built. His professor was A. K. Savrasov. He graduated from college with a gold medal he received for the drawing "In the Bath". Due to the fact that Edel's uncle and father worked in Baku, shortly after graduating from college, in the late 1880s, Ivan Vasilyevich himself moved to this city.
Creative period
In 1888, Edel began teaching drawing at the Mariinsky Women's Gymnasium in Baku, as well as at the private institution of Mrs. Wald (where, however, he taught for a short time). In 1890, according to his project and at the expense of the Baku oil industrialist Musa Naghiyev, at the corner of the Birzheva Street (now Uzeyir Hajibeyov) and Krasnovodskaya Street (now S. Vurgun), was built a house designed in the Italian style, which housed the winter club of the Baku Public Assembly (in Soviet times – the Baku District Officer's House), transferred there from Velikoknyazhesky Avenue, from the house Lalaeva. In the same year, according to the project of Edel, a three-storey residential building was built at 3 Prachechnaya Street (now - Gogol Street)
In 1891, Edel began designing the stone chapel of St. Apostle Bartholomew at the Maiden Tower. A Russian-style church with a mirrored cross on the dome was built and consecrated on 14 September 1892. In 1930, the church was closed and until the destruction was in desolation.
In 1892, according to the project of Edel, the Spasso-Transfiguration church-school was built at the plant “S. M. Shibaev and K“ on the territory of the so-called White City. After Soviet invasion of Azerbaijan in 1920, the Shibaev plant was transformed into an oil refinery named after Stalin (then named after the XXII Congress of the CPSU). In the same 1920, in pursuance of the decree on the separation of the school from the church, the church was closed, and later there was a technical school in its premises. In 1893, according to the project of Edel, on 8 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, (now - Bulbul Avenue), a building was built and consecrated, which later housed the Baku provincial treasury. Today, this building houses the polyclinic number 1 named after A. A. Kyazimov.
Also in 1893, Johann Edel built houses for Musa Nagiyev overlooking the streets Bolshaya Morskaya, Molokanskaya (now Khagani), Krasnovodskaya (now Samed Vurgun) and Birzhevaya (now U. Hajibekov). In the Soviet times, one of these houses was the location of the Baku District Officers House. In 1896, on the Police Street (now - Yusif Mammadaliev Street), a house was built according to the project of Edel, now known as the "House with Griffins". In the same year, Edel built houses on 14 Prachechnaya Street (floors were added in 1954) and on 9 Prachechnaya Street for the oil industrialist Shamsi Asadullayev.
In 1904, Edel continued the building the edifice of Baku branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society, started by Joseph Goslavsky, who died in the same year.
In 1910, according to the project of Edel, his own two-storey house was built on Birzhevaya Street.