=_Synecdoche_, when by one particular we vnderstand a number, as to saie, the |braue English was conquerour|, as much to saie, |Englishmen were victours|, or when by a part wee vnderstande the whole, as to say, a |blade| for a |sworde|, a |Hall| for a |house|, or when by one thing we vnderstand another, as to say, |the highest fall| for |the deepest fall|, the |toppe| for |the bottome, Neptunes reigne| for the |Sea|: or when we put the matter whereof a thing is made, for the thing it selfe: as to saie, |the loftie Pine did scowre the Seas|, for the ship made of the Pine trée, or thus: |With slashing Iron furious on his foes, hee rusht amaine, &c.| for |with slashing sworde:| Likewise hee put |spurres to his horse|, for |hee ranne his horse|. |They haue liued|, that is, |they are dead, they flourish|, for they are rich, braue or happie.=
=_Metonymia_, or _transnominatio_, the putting of one name for an other, as the |inuenter|, for the thing inuented, so do we call corne by the name of |Ceres|, we put |Bacchus| for wine, |Venus| for lust, |Vulcane| for fire, |Neptune| for the sea, |Mars| for warre: likewise the continent for that which is contained, as if we should say, |acceptable to the heauens|, meaning to him that dwelleth in the heauens, a |happie soyle|, meaning happie people in the soile, |hee drunke vp the whole cup before him|, for the wine in the cup before him. In like maner when the cause efficient is vnderstood by the effect, as when we say, |Pale death, sorrowfull dread, headlong rage, carelesse wine, vnshamefast night|: wherein is shewed, that dread causeth sorowe, |death| palenes, |wine| carelesnes, and so of the rest. Further, when by her that holdes the |Scepter|, wee signifie the |Queenes Maiestie|, and likewise by mentioning the |Sword|, |Magistracy|.=
=_Antonomasia_, where to the person of anie one, wee giue an other name, then his owne proper, as in stead of |Christ|, to saie the |Holie one of God|, or |The worlds Sauiour|. Or of the Queenes Maiestie, to saie |The Virgin Queene, The Royall Maide|, with other like appropriations fitting so great an excellencie.=
=_Onomatopœia_, where to a thing not hauing a proper terme, wee faine or deuise a name, as to saie, |the murmure of the waters, the roring of the cannon, clashing of armour|, & such like: where neither |murmur|, |roring| nor |clashing| is by nature to these belonging.=