Alabama was allowed to the Union on December 14, 1819. The state elects U.S. senators to class 2 and class 3. Its United States Senate seats were formally said to be open from March 1861 to July 1868 due to it leaving the Union during the American Civil War. Richard Shelby is Alabama's longest serving senator (served 1987–2023). Alabama's current U.S. senators are Republicans Tommy Tuberville (since 2021) and Katie Britt (since 2023).
List of senators
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=21 | 1 | rowspan=21 align=left | William R. King | rowspan=4 | Democratic-Republican | rowspan=21 nowrap | Dec 14, 1819 –Apr 15, 1844 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1819. | rowspan=3 | 1 | | rowspan=4 | 1 | rowspan=2 | Elected in 1819.Left office. | rowspan=2 nowrap | Dec 14, 1819 –Dec 12, 1822 | rowspan=2 | Democratic-Republican | rowspan=2 align=right | John Williams Walker ! rowspan=2 | 1
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=2
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=2 | Elected to finish Walker's term.Retired. | rowspan=2 nowrap | Dec 12, 1822 –Mar 3, 1825 | rowspan=2 | Democratic-Republican | align=right rowspan=2 | William Kelly ! rowspan=2 | 2
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=6 | Re-elected in 1822. | rowspan=6 | 2 |
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=9 | Jacksonian | rowspan=4 | rowspan=6 | 2 | Elected in 1824 or 1825.Died. | nowrap | Mar 4, 1825 –Jan 24, 1826 | | Jacksonian | align=right | Henry H. Chambers ! 3
|- style="height:2em" | | nowrap | Jan 24, 1826 –Feb 17, 1826 | colspan=3 | Open seat
|- style="height:2em" | Made a senator to continue Chambers's term.Successor elected. | nowrap | Feb 17, 1826 –Nov 27, 1826 | | Jacksonian | align=right | Israel Pickens ! 4
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Elected to finish Chambers's term.Lost re-election. | rowspan=3 nowrap | Nov 27, 1826 –Mar 3, 1831 | rowspan=3 | Jacksonian | rowspan=3 align=right | John McKinley ! rowspan=3 | 5
|- style="height:2em" |
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1828. | rowspan=3 | 3 |
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 3 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1831.Lost re-election. | rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1831 –Mar 3, 1837 | | Jacksonian | rowspan=3 align=right | Gabriel Moore ! rowspan=3 | 6
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=2 | NationalRepublican
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 1834. | rowspan=5 | 4 |
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=8 | Democratic | rowspan=3 | rowspan=7 | 4 | Elected in 1837.Left office to become a Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. | nowrap | Mar 4, 1837 –Apr 22, 1837 | | Democratic | align=right | John McKinley ! 7
|- style="height:2em" | | nowrap | Apr 22, 1837 –Jun 19, 1837 | colspan=3 | Open seat
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Elected to finish McKinley's term.Left office. | rowspan=3 nowrap | Jun 19, 1837 –Nov 15, 1841 | rowspan=3 | Democratic | rowspan=3 align=right | Clement Comer Clay ! rowspan=3 | 8
|- style="height:2em" |
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=4 | Re-elected in 1840.Left office to become U.S. Minister to France. | rowspan=7 | 5 | rowspan=3
|- style="height:2em" | | Nov 15, 1841 –Nov 24, 1841 | colspan=3 | Open seat
|- style="height:2em" | Elected to finish Clay's term. | rowspan=6 nowrap | Nov 24, 1841 –Jun 16, 1848 | rowspan=6 | Democratic | rowspan=6 align=right | Arthur P. Bagby ! rowspan=6 | 9
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | rowspan=9 | 5 | rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 1842.Left office to become U.S. Minister to Russia.
|- style="height:2em" | colspan=3 | Open seat | nowrap | Apr 15, 1844 –Apr 22, 1844 |
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=5 | 2 | rowspan=5 align=left | Dixon Hall Lewis | rowspan=5 | Democratic | rowspan=5 nowrap | Apr 22, 1844 –Oct 24, 1848 | rowspan=2 | Made a senator to finish King's term.
|- style="height:2em" |
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1847.Died. | rowspan=10 | 6 | rowspan=5
|- style="height:2em" | | nowrap | Jun 16, 1848 –Jul 1, 1848 | colspan=3 | Open seat
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Made a senator to continue Bagby's term.Elected to finish Bagby's term. | rowspan=6 nowrap | Jul 1, 1848 –Dec 20, 1852 | rowspan=6 | Democratic | rowspan=6 align=right | William R. King ! rowspan=6 | 10
|- style="height:2em" | colspan=3 | Open seat | nowrap | Oct 24, 1848 –Nov 25, 1848 |
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=2 | 3 | rowspan=2 align=left | Benjamin Fitzpatrick | rowspan=2 | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | Nov 25, 1848 –Nov 30, 1849 | rowspan=2 | Elected to continue Lewis's term.Successor elected.
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=2 | rowspan=7 | 6 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1848 or 1849.Left office due to poor health.