The government of India, in collaboration with UNICEF, have initiated a vaccination drive for measles-rubella (MR) vaccine. This country wide program, started in February 7, 2017 to go until April 2019, has targeted to achieve 410 million children vaccinated (aged between 9 months-15 years), and has covered 17 states. The program is currently running in Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab and, Andaman & Nicobar Islands. However, there have been several social media rumours circulated against this vaccine, particularly on WhatsApp, suggesting falsely, that it contains anti-fertility agents to sterilise their children, or worse, can cause their deaths. These rumours are targeted at parents of young children and evoke fear in them causing them to shun this program. There are multiple versions of this rumour. One version is targeted particularly at the Muslim community, calling it “slow poison”, “a government conspiracy” or “an RSS plan”. Rumour 1: “*Very very Important msg* Newly invented injection for Smallpox treatment *MR – VAC*. *But actually it is not true.* This medicine has been band in many countries. Now this MNC are sending this injection through this Modi government to all schools to inject all children compulsory. Please educate your children, not to take this injections at any cost. It is slow poison which will affect the future of the child as well as future generations also.” Rumour 2: “Dear brothers and sisters assalamualikum all the schools have decided to give an injection for your childrens all over india so dear brothers dont let your children’s get that injection object that in your child’s school it’s an RSS plan in which your children when they will turn around 40 they wont be able to have thier kid one teacher in kerla have told taht this injection should put to Muslim children’s only so kindly do not let them get this injection for your children’s safety.” These rumours were re-fueled recently when 4 deaths were reported in Gujarat, 30 to 115 hours after vaccination, in addition to 14 similar incidences of children’s death in 21 states where the MR vaccination drive was carried. These rumours are still in circulation despite the central investigating team ruling out any linkage between these deaths and MR vaccines. The team leader of the health officials from the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoH&FW), Dr. Haldar, commented that these deaths were due to other medical conditions and not due to the MR vaccine. In this article, we will discuss: Measles: It is a severe disease, often complicated by middle-ear infection or bronchopneumonia and can be a major cause of illness and death. Encephalitis (brain inflammation) occurs in approximately one of every 2000 reported cases that can lead to permanent brain damage and mental retardation. Death, from respiratory and neurological problems, occurs in 1 per 3000 reported measles cases. The risk of death is greater for infants and adults, than for children and adolescents. Rubella: Rubella virus is transmitted by the respiratory route and replicates in the nose, throat and the local lymph nodes. In the blood, its presence occurs 5-7 days after exposure and then spreads to different organs. Symptoms can be transient rash, joint pain and arthritis. Infection in early pregnancy leads to congenital rubella syndrome which may result in multiple fetal defects in up to 90% of cases, affecting many organs which often results in miscarriage or stillbirth. Infants who survive after congenital rubella syndrome can face major developmental disabilities. Vaccine: A number of live, attenuated vaccines for measles and rubella are available such as combination measles-rubella vaccine (MR) or, in combination with mumps vaccine (MMR). The vaccine is generally injected subcutaneously, although intramuscular administration has also been shown to be extremely effective. The virus in the vaccine is live but with reduced virulence and is harmless in healthy humans. These MR vaccines in India are courtesy of Serum Institute of India. In addition to the weakened viruses, these vaccines may contain ingredients required during the manufacturing and production. These include emulsifiers, stabilizers, preservatives and adjuvants and have also been deemed as completely safe by WHO and other regulatory bodies. From studies conducted in highly vaccinated American schools, one dose of measles vaccine administered at 12 months or more was approximately 94% effective in preventing measles, and was ≥99% in two studies with 2 doses of measles vaccine. Measles outbreaks among populations that have received 2 doses of measles-containing vaccine are uncommon.