Hyposmocoma is a genus of moths with more 350 species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The genus was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1881. Most species of Hyposmocoma have plant-based diets, but four species, such as Hyposmocoma molluscivora, eat snails. The caterpillars spin silk, which they then use to capture and eat snails. These are the first caterpillars known to eat snails (or mollusks of any kind).
Some species are amphibious. This trait has evolved at least three times within this genus.
Species
Subgenus Euperissus Butler, 1881
Hyposmocoma adelphella Walsingham, 1907
Hyposmocoma adolescens Walsingham, 1907
Hyposmocoma agnetella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma albocinerea (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma alticola Meyrick, 1915 Hyposmocoma anthinella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma argentea Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma argomacha Meyrick, 1935 Hyposmocoma argyresthiella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma arundinicolor (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma aspersa (Butler, 1882) Hyposmocoma auroargentea Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma barbata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma basivittata (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma bitincta (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma brevistrigata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma caecinervis Meyrick, 1928 Hyposmocoma catapyrrha (Meyrick, 1935) Hyposmocoma centralis Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma centronoma Meyrick, 1935 Hyposmocoma chilonella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma chloraula Meyrick, 1928 Hyposmocoma cleodorella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma columbella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma complanella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma confusa (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma coprosmae (Swezey, 1920) Hyposmocoma corticicolor (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma cristata (Butler, 1881) Hyposmocoma cryptogamiella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma cuprea (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma diffusa (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma digressa (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma discolor Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma divergens (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma dorsella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ekaha Swezey, 1910 Hyposmocoma elegans (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma eleuthera (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma emendata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma empetra (Meyrick, 1915) Hyposmocoma enixa Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ensifer Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma epicharis Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma erebogramma (Meyrick, 1935) Hyposmocoma erismatias Meyrick, 1928 Hyposmocoma exaltata (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma exornata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma exsul (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma falsimella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ferruginea (Swezey, 1915) Hyposmocoma flavicosta (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma fluctuosa (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma fractivittella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma fugitiva (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma fulvida Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma fulvocervina Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma fulvogrisea (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma fuscodentata (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma fuscofusa (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma fuscopurpurata Zimmerman, Hyposmocoma hirsuta (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma homopyrrha (Meyrick, 1935) Hyposmocoma humerella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma incongrua (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma inflexa Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma insinuatrix Meyrick, 1928 Hyposmocoma jugifera Meyrick, 1928 Hyposmocoma kauaiensis (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma latiflua Meyrick, 1915 Hyposmocoma lichenalis (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma lignicolor (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma limata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma longitudinalis Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma lugens Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma lunifer Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma mactella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma maestella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma malacopa Meyrick, 1915 Hyposmocoma margella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma mediocris (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma mormopica (Meyrick, 1935) Hyposmocoma municeps (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma mystodoxa Meyrick, 1915 Hyposmocoma nemo (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma nemoricola (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma nigrodentata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ningorella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma ningorifera (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma nipholoncha Meyrick, 1935 Hyposmocoma niveiceps Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma obliterata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma obscura Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ocellata Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ochreovittella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma oculifera Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma ossea Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma pallidipalpis Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma palmifera (Meyrick, 1935) Hyposmocoma palmivora Meyrick, 1928 Hyposmocoma paltodorella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma passerella (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma petalifera (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma petroptilota (Walsingham, 1907) Hyposmocoma phantasmatella Walsingham, 1907 Hyposmocoma philocharis (Meyrick, 1915) Hyp