Saint Thoribius de Mogroviejo, archbishop, and St. Francis Solano, of the order of Franciscans, flourished here, but both were natives of Spain.
This city has also produced many other persons of virtuous and literary fame: the most conspicuous among whom are--
The venerable father Francisco del Castillo The venerable Fray Martin de Porras } The venerable Fray Juan Masias } Dominicans The venerable Fray Vicente Vernedo } The venerable Fray Pedro Urraca } The venerable Fray Gonsalo Dias } Mercedarias The venerable Fray Juan de Zalasar } The venerable Fray Juan de Vargas } Martyred in Paraguay The venerable Fray Juan de Albarran } Don Pedro de la Reyna Maldonado, a celebrated author Don Martin del Barco Zentenera, historian Don Pedro Peralta Bernueva, mathematician Don Jose, marquis of Vallumbrosa, a very learned man Don Diego Baños y Sotomayor, chaplain of honour to the King Don Alonzo, count of San Donas, ambassador of Spain to the French court, in the reign of Felipe IV. Don Fernando, marquis of Surco, lieutenant-general, chamberlain and tutor to Don Felipe, duke of Parma Don Miguel Nuñes de Roxas, of the council of orders, private judge of confiscations, in the war of succession Don Jose Baquijano, of the council of Indies, in the reign of Charles IV. and Fernando VII. Don Tomas de Salasar, author of "Interpretaciones de las Leyes de Indias." Don Lope de Armendaris, marquis of Cadreita, Viceroy of Nueva España.
Besides these and several other eminent persons, Lima has given birth to six archbishops, three of whom were conventual priests; and to fifty-two bishops, twenty-five of whom were regulars of the different conventual orders.
The Spaniard who arrived at Lima brought with him either some commission from the government of Spain, or an intention of residing in the country for the purpose of gain. Of the first class, however low the appointment might be, the individual conducted himself towards the natives with a haughty superiority, which to an impartial spectator was truly disgusting; he assumed the Don if he excused the Señor, and was never addressed without one or both of these appendages to his name; indeed _el Señor Don_ was more common in the streets of Lima, than at the court of Madrid. The second class often consisted of sailors, who ran away from their ships at Callao, and got places as servants in a _pulperia_ (a shop where spirits, wines, spices, sugar, and all common place articles are sold), a bakehouse, or a farm. If industrious, they soon obtained as much as was necessary to establish themselves, and many amassed considerable fortunes, married advantageously, and remained in the country; knowing full well, that in their own they would neither be admitted into such society as they enjoyed here, nor be treated with that deference to which they had become habituated. All this would be excusable enough, if the beauty, riches, and comforts of Spain--its learned societies, noble families, and enlightened population, were not the universal topic of their conversation and their universal song of praise. I have seen many of this class who, having been taught to read and write in America, and acquired riches, have purchased an order of knighthood! for although it was pretended, that nobility of descent must be proved before any of the military orders could be obtained, yet a _Spaniard_ has purchased dispensation, and thus laid the foundation of a _noble_ family.