The Solaris Urbino 12 electric is an electric version of the Solaris Urbino 12 low-floor transit bus series first unveiled in 2012. It has been in production since 2013, and in 2016, it was awarded the title of Bus of the Year 2017.
Origins
In 1999 Solaris unveiled its first city bus of the Urbino family – the Solaris Urbino 12. In subsequent years the city bus range was broadened, as new models were added, though initially these were conventionally fuelled vehicles. In 2002, Solaris presented a new version of the Urbino, the so-called 2nd generation. Two years later, in 2004, the third generation of the Urbino had its première. In 2006, at the IAA Nutzfahrzeuge trade fair in Hanover, Solaris Bus & Coach displayed a third generation bus which was also the first of its hybrid models, the Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid made in collaboration with US firms Allison Transmission and Cummins. It was the first serially produced hybrid bus in Europe. As a result, Solaris joined the European leaders of eco-friendly technology in public transport.
Solaris' first fully electric bus, the Urbino 8,9 LE electric, was unveiled in 2012. Initially, the bus only had a range, however, with time, thanks to technological progress, the achievable range increased. The vehicle was tested among others in Poznań, Cracow, and in Warsaw. The first buyer of that electric Solaris bus was an Austrian operator, from Klagenfurt. Vehicles of that type were also the first electric buses in Poland used by a public transport operator.
Third generation
The IAA 2012 in Hanover saw the première of the first 100% electric bus of the MAXI class – the Urbino 12 electric. The manufacturer used a powertrain based on an asynchronous, four-pole motor of in the prototype vehicle. Moreover, lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of 210 kWh were used to store energy recuperated during braking. A plug-in connector installed in the vehicle enabled recharging by means of an external power source. The producer also decided to electrify all external devices usually fed from a diesel engine, including i.a. air conditioning with an in-built heat pump, that is a device also used for heating in the bus. External and interior lighting was based on LED technology. The graphic symbol of the Urbino electric featured a green dachshund, the trademark symbol of Solaris, with a cable and plug instead of a tail.
After its première in 2012, the Solaris Urbino 12 electric was produced in many different configurations, with a wide range of suppliers of powertrains and charging systems, so as to offer solutions fitted best to the individual needs of its clients.
The first five 12-metre electric buses made it to the public transport operator in Braunschweig, Germany, in 2014, as part of the EMIL programme. They were equipped with the inductive charging system PRIMOVE by Bombardier. In May 2015, public transport operator PKM Jaworzno was the first in Poland to receive an Urbino 12 electric. The same month operator MPK Kraków started test runs for two prototype vehicles. Once the tests were completed, one of the buses was bought by MPK. In May 2015, the first of a batch of 10 buses for Warsaw public transport operator MZA Warszawa was delivered. Mid-2015, Solaris also supplied four emission-free buses to Berlin municipal operator BVG. Other cities using Solaris Urbino 12 electric of the third generation include Oberhausen, Düsseldorf, Drezno and Västerås.
The electric bus model Škoda Perun was crafted based on the third generation Solaris Urbino 12 electric, and in collaboration with Czech firm Škoda Transportation. The chassis and bodywork are made by Solaris, while powertrain and electric fittings are supplied by Škoda Electric. Vehicles in this configuration are offered by Škoda Electric mostly to customers on the Czech and the Slovak market.