* Includes 953,243 persons in Porto Rico (1899) census.
COMMERCIAL AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF UNITED STATES IN 1910
1909. 1910. % Inc. *All bank clearings $164,195,488,940 $162,000,000,000 -1.3 Value of all farm products 8,760,000,000 8,926,000,000 1.9 Railroads earnings, gross 2,608,176,609 2,835,374,081 8.7 Deposits in all banks 14,035,000,000 15,283,400,000 8.1 Capital stock of banks 1,800,000,000 1,879,000,000 4.4 Circulation, national banks 703,940,000 724,874,308 2.9 Net earnings, national banks 131,185,750 154,167,000 17.6 Dividend disbursements 611,000,000 695,000,000 13.7 Value bonds sold, New York 1,317,291,000 630,000,000 -52.2 Value of imports 1,475,000,000 1,550,000,000 5.1 Value of exports 1,730,000,000 1,843,000,000 9.0 Building expenditures 857,550,669 809,000,000 -5.7 Fire losses 203,649,150 229,942,650 12.9 Business failures 151,752,098 *199,607,292 31.5 Cereal crops, bushels 4,719,441,000 5,169,426,000 9.3 Hay crops, tons 64,938,000 60,978,000 -6.1 Cotton crop, bales 10,363,240 12,000,000 15.8 Wool clip, pounds 307,348,000 295,672,000 -3.8 Coal mined, tons 437,176,241 500,000,000 14.4 *Iron ore shipments, tons 42,586,869 43,629,201 2.4 Pig iron production, tons 25,337,002 26,665,341 5.2 Sault Ste. Marie commerce, tons 57,895,149 62,363,218 7.7 Portland cement production, bbls 62,508,461 70,000,000 12.0 Sugar Production, tons 1,556,000 1,565,000 0.6 Total mileage railroads 234,950 239,070 1.7 New railroads built, miles 3,748 4,120 9.1 Immigration 1,334,166 1,078,000 -19.2
[Illustration: MAP CLASSIFYING STATES WITH RESPECT TO THE PERCENTAGE OF INCREASE OF POPULATION: 1900 TO 1910.]
The canal has a summit elevation of 85 feet above the sea, reached by a flight of three locks located at Gatun, on the Atlantic side, and by one lock at Pedro Miguel and a flight of two at Miraflores, on the Pacific side; all these locks are in duplicate--that is, two chambers, side by side. Each lock has a usable length of 1,000 feet and a width of 110 feet. The summit level is maintained by a large dam at Gatun and a small one at Pedro Miguel, between which is the great Gatun Lake, with an area of 164.23 square miles. A small lake, about two square miles in area, with a surface elevation of 55 feet, is formed on the Pacific side, between Pedro Miguel and Miraflores, the valley of the Rio Grande being closed by a small dam and the locks at Miraflores.