=An Ejector= is a machine for lifting water from various depths and forcing it to various heights with steam pressure, as follows:
With 20 pounds steam pressure an ejector will lift water to a level from 16 or 17 feet below and force it to a height of 15 or 16 feet.
With 60 pounds steam pressure will lift 20 feet and force to a height of 60 feet.
With 100 pounds steam pressure will lift 23 feet and force to a height of 107 feet.
An ejector may be placed in any position to suit the convenience in piping; they require but three connections, steam, suction and delivery.
=A Jet Pump= is a machine used for drawing water and discharging it above the surface level. It will draw water to a level from 10 or 15 feet below and discharge it at a height of about one foot to every pound steam pressure applied.
A jet pump has three connections, steam, suction and delivery, and may be placed in any position to suit convenience in piping.
=A Steam Gauge= is an instrument used for indicating in pounds the amount of steam pressure upon each square inch of surface of the boiler. It is very delicately constructed, and should not be tampered with after once being set to indicate correctly. If a steam gauge is found not to indicate the exact pressure in the boiler it should be sent to the factory for repairs. Never attempt to repair it unless all the appliances for so doing are at hand.
A steam gauge should always be placed on a boiler with a syphon, or by tying a knot in the pipe between it and the boiler, so that the steam may condense, thereby allowing the water to operate it. If steam is allowed to enter, the heat would tend to expand the tube in the gauge and it would indicate more than the real pressure.
A steam gauge is usually constructed with a hollow, flat tube, called the Bourdon spring. This tube is bent in a simple curve and fastened at one end, the other end is free and by a simple clock work actuates the pointer which indicates upon the dial the steam pressure per square inch upon the boiler.
[Illustration: Interior Ashcroft Steam Gauge.]
Q. What should be done in case the steam gauge becomes defective?
A. When the steam gauge has become broken by freezing or otherwise, and there is none on hand, the engineer may run by setting the safety valve so that it will blow off within from ten to fifteen pounds less than it is ordinarily set at, and then by careful firing, run until a new gauge can be procured, which should be done without delay.