Legislature, taxation originally its chief function, 9; limitations upon, 43-46, 51, 70, 71, 78, 81, 124; corruption charged by social reformers, 44; abandoning constitutional questions to the courts, 47; duty to apply constitutional principles, 52; supreme in its sphere, 52; power to protect the public health, 59, 60. _See_ Constitutional limitations, Legislation, and Congress.
Liberty, Civil, guaranteed by Magna Carta, 1, 4, 5; Declaration of Independence, 4, 81; early charters of the French kings, 5; writ of habeas corpus its bulwark, 15, 16; conditions necessary for its perpetuation, 26, 36, 37; guaranteed by the Constitution, 51, 76; legislative interference with, 74, 80; of vital concern to everyone, 84; guarded by the common law, 98; its essence, 124; some political documents, 203; threatened by temporary majorities (q.v.), 211.
Liberty, Constitutional, Justice Story on, 25; in the custody of the American people, 26; the Pilgrim Fathers assist at its birth in America, 30.
Liberty, Religious, secured by the New York constitution, 12; idea of, in Magna Carta, 12, 13; established in America by the Pilgrims of Plymouth, 32, 34; our greatest blessing, 34; secured by the courts, 77-78; favored by non-sectarian public schools, 248; fostered in America by Protestants, 251, 259; formerly denied to Catholics in New York, 258; secured temporarily in New York by Governor Dongan, 259.
Magna Carta, general treatment, 1-26; marked our greatest political epoch, 1; saved England from despotism, 1; the source of representative government, 1-2, 16, 18; the foundation of liberty and justice, 1, 4; reissues and confirmations, 2, 3, 7, 8, 20, 22; extolled by the royal governor of New York, 2; crystallized and perpetuated English liberties, 2, 3, 5, 21; all Americans enjoy its privileges, 2, 3, 5; granted at Runnymede, June 15, 1215, 3; still on the English statute books, 3; a battle-cry against tyranny, 3, 11; modern criticism of, 3-4, 7, 8, 15, 19; the value of its traditions, 4-5, 26; based upon eternal truths and to endure forever, 5, 21, 203; established the rights of the individual as against the government, 6, 7; long regarded as an unalterable fundamental law, 6-10; limited the power of the king, 11, 12, 24-25; denounced by the Pope, 12; established the supremacy of the law, 14; translated and explained in the churches, 14; guaranteed the writ of habeas corpus, 15; separated legislative and executive power, 16; prevented taxation without the consent of parliament, 16-17; the law of the land, 18-22; jury-trial, 19, 20; supplemented by the statute of 1354, 22-23; justified revolution for cause, 25.