Henny Sattler (11 August 1829 - 9 February 1913) was a German women's rights activist and a social work pioneer.
Life
Juliane Henriette "Henny" Sattler was born into a prosperous merchant family in Bremen. She was the fourth of her parents' eight recorded children. Siegmund Sattler (1788–1863), her father, was the Bavarian consul and a businessman. She later looked back on a childhood living in what was almost Bremen's "aristocratic quarter". Their neighbours were judges, senators and leading city merchants. However, their neighbours also included a large number of coachmen and their horses, since Bremen's mail-coach depot was close by. Bremen was a busy port city with a strong northern work ethic: it was characteristic of the time and place that their home was a "grand house" where the family lived and from where their father's business was managed. Alongside the living quarters were offices where the traders worked and clerks computed commissions and organised shipments. There were also storage sheds for merchandise. Their father's five apprentices were treated as family members just as much as the children's nurses and the maids. The living accommodation was simple. At family meals the adults and the small children sat at table while the older children were expected at stand. The grander rooms were usually closed and unused except on special occasions. The so-called "tea room", for example, was generally reserved for special social events, unless someone died, when it was used as a temporary morgue. (It was also the room in which Henny and four of her seven siblings were born.) The warehouses and the street outside provided abundant possibilities for the children to play with each other and with the children of neighbours: Henny later remembered noticing that the daughters of their neighbours tended to be more expensively and restrictively dressed than she was. Despite her gender she was even permitted to accompany her elder brother Wilhelm Sattler (1827–1908) and her parents when they undertook a "grand tour". However, equal opportunities were not on the agenda of the European haute bourgeoisie: there could never have been any question of her studying to qualify as a teacher. That did not preclude a determined streak of autodidacticism that would follow her through life. She made a point, as a very young woman, of undertaking several lengthy visits to France in order that she might later become a languages teacher.
Through her friendships with Ottilie Hoffmann and Marie Mindermann she became involved with the rapidly developing women's movement in Bremen, and she was soon numbered among the activists in it. Inspired by equivalent developments in Berlin, in 1867 the three women joined with others to establish the "League for expanding work opportunities for women" ("Verein zur Erweiterung des weiblichen Arbeitsgebiets") later, following a succession of name changes, becoming the "Women's Prosperity and Training League" ("Frauen-Erwerbs- und Ausbildungs-Verein"). Hoffmann now had to withdraw from the movement in order to look after her parents, while Mindermann and Sattler became members of the board of management and continued to play leading roles. Within a year membership had reached 500 and they were agitating for women's suffrage. They had set up what sources describe as a "Model establishment for female work" ("Nachweisanstalt für weibliche Arbeit") and "Sewing Schools and a Further Education School" ("Näh- und eine Fortbildungsschule"). A year after the creation of the "Further Education School" disagreements emerged on the board of management over whether it should be managed by the league directly, or whether it should operate independently with its own management structure. One source presents this as a difference between the men and the women board members. The matter was in any case resolved when the women got together and took over the school as an independent institution. Henny Sattler became its head. She paid particular attention to training for child care work. She also participated in setting up a "Women's Education Association" which organised mixed Sunday evening programmes involving lectures and artistic presentations.