C14orf119 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the c14orf119 gene. The c14orf119 protein is predicted to be localized in the nucleus. Additionally, c14orf119 expression is decreased in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) when compared with healthy individual and is increased in individuals with various types of lymphomas when compared to healthy individuals.
Gene
The common aliases of c14orf119 are chromosome open reading frame 119 and My028. The gene is located on chromosome 14, with the specific location of 14q11.2. It contains two exons and covers 5.76 kb, from 23563900 to 23569660 on the forward strand. The span of the c14orf119 gene, from the start of transcription to the polyA site, is 4951 basepairs in length.
Transcripts
The c14orf119 mRNA is composed of 2914 basepairs. C14orf119 has two isoforms, shown in the table below.
Protein
The c14orf119 protein is composed of 140 amino acids. The molecular weight of the c14orf119 protein is approximately 16 kDa and the basal isoelectric point is 4.86. There is a long section of hydrophobic amino acids at the start of the protein. There are no additional significant compositional features of the c14orf119 protein, including charge clusters, charge runs, patterns, repetitive structures or multiplets. The primary sequence of the c14orf119 protein is as follows,
MPLESSSSMP LSFPSLLPSV PHNTNPSPPL MSYITSQEMK CILHWFANWS GPQRERFLED LVAKAVPEKL
QPLLDSLEQL SVSGADRPPS IFECQLHLWD QWFRGWAEQE RNEFVRQLEF SEPDFVAKFY QAVAATAGKD
There are two known c14orf119 protein isoforms, as shown in the table below.
Domains and motifs
There is a domain of unknown function (DUF) found in the c14orf119 protein: DUF4508 (with an E-value of 6.3e-36). This DUF is a part of a family of proteins that is found in eukaryotes and is typically between 117 and 253 amino acids in length. Additionally, there are three predicted CK2 phosphorylation sites (at positions 36, 83, and 121) within the c14orf119 protein.
Secondary structure
The predicted secondary structure of the c14orf119 protein is largely alpha helical in content. The specific makeup of the secondary structure is as follows, alpha helices make up 38.57% of the protein (54 amino acids), extended strands make up 23.57% of the protein (33 amino acids), and random coils make up 37.86% of the protein (53 amino acids). Phryre2, a program for protein modeling, prediction, and analysis, was used to determine and model the predicted structure of the c14orf119 protein. Shown in Figure 1, Phyre2 created a model for the predicted structure of 106 (out of a total of 140) residues of the c14orf119 protein, with 79.7% confidence and 76% coverage.
Tertiary and quaternary structures
With only two cysteines, 52 amino acids apart, found in the c14orf119 protein sequence, there were no predicted disulfide bonds in the c14orf119 protein. There are no predicted transmembrane regions or signal peptides in the c14orf119 protein.
Gene level regulation
Promoter
The predicted promoter sequence associated with c14orf119 is 3332 bases in length. This promoter sequence has one CpG island associated with it, with a CpG count of 78 Additionally, there are a number of transcription factor binding sites associated with this promoter sequence, such as RB1, HNF4A, ETS1, and RBL2.
Expression pattern
C14orf119 is expressed in 203 organs. The c14orf119 gene is expressed in a number of tissues and has the highest expression rates in cultured fibroblast cells, with a TPM of 75.63. There is notable decreased expression of c14orf119 in the following tissues, pancreas, bone marrow, brain, salivary glands, and the liver. Additionally, there is notable increased expression of c14orf119 in the adrenal gland, kidney, lung, prostate, thymus, white blood cells, lymph node, and thyroid. Finally, expression levels of c14orf119 decrease with the development of the kidney and increases with development of the stomach.
Transcript level regulation
There were no predicted enhancers associated with c14orf119. There were a number of stem loop formation predictions in both the 5' UTR and 3' UTR of c14orf119.
miRNA targeting
The miRNA binding sites found in the 3' UTR of c14orf119 include miR-489, miR-1872, and miR-4778-3p; however, there were no miRNA binding sites found in the 5' UTR of c14orf119.