The presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, also known as the Arroyo administration, spanned nine years from January 20, 2001, to June 30, 2010. She served the remainder of her predecessor Joseph Estrada's term after he was deposed, and she was elected to a full second term in 2004 which ended in 2010. Arroyo is the daughter of 9th president Diosdado Macapagal.
Arroyo instituted policies and measures geared towards economic stability and building a strong republic. As an economist, she laid the groundwork for a robust economy that weathered the global financial meltdown of 2008.
Administration and cabinet
Other cabinet-level and high posts
Executive Secretary
Renato de Villa (2001) Renato C. Corona (acting) (2001) Alberto Romulo (2001–2004) Eduardo Ermita (2004–2010) Leandro Mendoza (2010) National Security Adviser Roilo Golez (2001–2004) Norberto Gonzales (2004–2010) Press Secretary Silvestre Afable (April - July 2002) Milton Alingod (2003) Hernani Braganza (2003–2004) Ignacio Bunye (2004–2008) Jesus Dureza (2008-2009) Cerge Remonde (2009-2010) Crispulo Icban, Jr (2010) Presidential Spokesman Rigoberto Tiglao (2001–2002) Ignacio Bunye (2002–2008) Presidential Chief of Staff Rigoberto Tiglao (2002–2004) Michael Defensor (2006–2007) Joey Salceda (2007) Presidential Management Staff Rigoberto Tiglao (2004–2006) Arthur Yap (2006) Cerge Remonde (2006–2009) Hermogenes Esperon (2009-2010) Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Chairman Benjamin Abalos (2001–2002) Bayani Fernando (2002–2009) Oscar Inocentes (2009–2010)
Supreme Court appointments
Arroyo nominated the following to the Supreme Court of the Philippines:
Chief Justice
Artemio Panganiban - December 20, 2005
Reynato Puno - December 8, 2007
Renato Corona - May 17, 2010
Associate Justice
Antonio T. Carpio - October 26, 2001
Alicia Austria-Martinez - April 9, 2002
Renato Corona - April 9, 2003
Conchita Carpio-Morales - August 26, 2002
Romeo Callejo, Sr. - August 26, 2002
Adolfo Azcuna - October 17, 2002
Dante Tiñga - July 4, 2003
Minita Chico-Nazario - February 10, 2004
Cancio Garcia - October 7, 2004
Presbitero J. Velasco, Jr. - March 31, 2006
Antonio Eduardo Nachura - February 7, 2007
Ruben Reyes - August 2, 2007
Justice Teresita De Castro - December 3, 2007
Justice Arturo D. Brion - March 17, 2008
Justice Diosdado Peralta - January 14, 2009
Justice Lucas Bersamin - April 3, 2009
Justice Mariano del Castillo - July 29, 2009
Justice Roberto A. Abad - August 7, 2009
Justice Martin Villarama, Jr. - November 6, 2009
Justice Jose P. Perez - December 26, 2009
Justice Jose C. Mendoza - January 4, 2010 (her last SC justice appointee)
First term (2001-2004)
Succession
Arroyo's ascent to the Philippine presidency in 2001 resulted from the ouster of her predecessor Joseph Estrada through a peaceful uprising dubbed as Power Power II. On January 20, 2001, the Supreme Court declared the presidency vacant. The military and the national police had earlier withdrawn their support for Estrada. At noon, Arroyo was sworn in as President of the Philippines by Chief Justice Hilario Davide, Jr. Coincidentally, Arroyo assumed office the same day as US President George W. Bush.
While the local media and its proponents hailed EDSA II as another peaceful "People Power," international views expressed through foreign media described it as a "conspiracy" to oust Estrada and install Arroyo as president. The New York Times reported that Southeast Asia-based political economist William Overholt called it "either... mob rule or mob rule as a cover for a well- planned coup." The International Herald Tribune reports that the "opportunist coalition of church, business elite and left... orchestrated the 'People Power II movement."
Weeks later, Estrada filed a lawsuit challenging the legal basis of the Arroyo presidency and insisting he remained the lawful president, though adding he would not try to reclaim his post. The Supreme Court issued its decision on March 2, 2001, asserting that Estrada had resigned the presidency and relinquished his post. The court unanimously voted to dismiss Estrada's petition, reaffirming the legitimacy of Arroyo's presidency.