[145:1] _Hær._ iv. 27. 1, 3; iv. 30. 1; iv. 31. 1; v. 5. 1; v. 33. 3; v. 36. 1, 2.
[145:2] _Ref. Hær._ vi. 42, 55, 'The blessed elder Irenæus.' Clement of Alexandria uses the same phrase of Pantænus; Euseb. _H.E._ vi. 14.
[146:1] Weiffenbach _Das Papias-Fragment_ (Giessen, 1874) has advocated at great length the view that Papias uses the term as a title of office throughout, p. 34 sq; but he has not succeeded in convincing subsequent writers. His conclusions are opposed by Hilgenfeld _Papias von Hierapolis_ p. 245 sq (in his _Zeitschrift_, 1875), and by Leimbach _Das Papias-Fragment_ p. 63 sq. Weiffenbach supposes that the elders are distinguished from the Apostles and personal disciples whose sayings Papias sets himself to collect. This view demands such a violent wresting of the grammatical connection in the passage of _Papias_ that it is not likely to find much favour.
[146:2] In illustration of this use, it may be mentioned that in the Letter of the Gallican Churches (Euseb. _H.E._ v. 1) the term is applied to the Zacharias of Luke i. 5 sq.
[147:2] See Clinton, _Fast. Rom._ II. p. 385.
[147:3] This difficulty however cannot be regarded as serious. At the last (the sixtieth) anniversary of the battle of Waterloo, the _Times_ gave the names of no fewer than seventy-six Waterloo officers as still living.
[148:1] _Chron. Pasch._ p. 481 sq (ed. Bonn.); Euseb. _H.E._ iv. 15.
[148:2] There is no indication that the author of this Chronicle used any other document in this part besides the History of Eusebius and the extant Martyrology of Polycarp which Eusebius here quotes.
[149:1] The martyrdom of Papias is combined with that of Polycarp in the Syriac Epitome of the _Chronicon of Eusebius_ (p. 216, ed. Schöne). The source of the error is doubtless the same in both cases.
[149:3] I had taken the latter view in an article on Papias which I wrote for the _Contemporary Review_ some years before these Essays; but I think now that the Apostle is meant, as the most ancient testimony points to him. I have given my reasons for this change of opinion in _Colossians_ p. 45 sq.
[150:2] The chapter relating to Papias is the thirty-ninth of the third book; those relating to Polycarp are the fourteenth and fifteenth of the fourth book, where they interpose between chapters assigned to Justin Martyr and events connected with him.