USS Rijndam (ID–2505) was the Holland America Line (HAL) ocean liner Rijndam, also spelt Ryndam, which was launched in Ireland in 1901 and scrapped in the Netherlands in 1929. The US requisitioned her as the United States Navy troopship USS Rijndam from 1918 until 1919. She was the first of four Holland America Line ships to be called Ryndam.
Building
At the turn of the 20th century, Holland America Line's flagship was , launched by Blohm+Voss in Hamburg in May 1899 and completed in May 1900. While she was being built, HAL ordered the first of two sister ships for her from Harland & Wolff in Belfast. Rijndam was laid down on 23 November 1899 as yard number 336, launched on 18 May 1901 and completed on 3 October that year. Harland & Wolff also built a third sister ship, Noordam, which was launched in September 1901 and completed in March 1902.
Rijndams length overall was and her registered length was . Her beam was and her depth was . Her tonnages were , and . Her passenger accommodation had berths for 286 first class, 196 second class and 1,800 third class passengers. Her holds had capacity of for grain or for cargo in bales.
Noordam had twin screws, each driven by a three-cylinder triple-expansion steam engine. The combined power of her twin engines was rated at 1,265 NHP. and gave her a speed of .
Holland America Line registered Noordam at Rotterdam. Her Dutch code letters were PRNB.
Rijndam and Ryndam
"Rijn" is Dutch for "Rhine". HAL called the ship Rijndam, and registered her as such with Lloyd's Register. But H&W's internal records anglicised her name to Ryndam. When the Marconi Company equipped her for wireless telegraphy, it also listed her in its English-language publications as Ryndam. HAL adopted the anglicised spelling for later ships.
Early career
Rijndam joined Potsdam on HAL's regular route between Rotterdam and New York via Boulogne. Rijndam left Rotterdam on her maiden voyage on the route on 10 October 1901. Noordam completed the trio when she began her maiden voyage in May 1902.
By 1910 Rijndam was equipped for submarine signalling, and the Marconi Company had equipped her for wireless telegraphy. By 1913 her wireless telegraph call sign was MHY, but by 1914 it had been changed to PED.
On 25 May 1915 the Norwegian fruit ship Joseph J. Cuneo collided with Rijndam in fog about south of Nantucket Shoals. The battleships , , and answered her distress signal and rescued 78 passengers and 152 crew from Rijndam.
On 18 January 1916 a mine laid by damaged Rijndam in the Thames Estuary. The US singer Alice Sjoselius was aboard. She reported that the lifeboats were lowered, and passengers donned lifejackets, but the ship was not abandoned. Rijndam was repaired, and on 15 April resumed transatlantic sailings.
Troopship
On 6 April 1917 the US declared war against the Central Powers. The Netherlands were neutral in the First World War, but on 20 June 1917 the US detained Rijndam. She became one of 89 Dutch ships that the United States Customs Service seized under angary in March 1918. 31 of these were commissioned into the US Navy.
Rijndam was converted into a troopship, with capacity for up to 3,000 troops. Dozens of Carley floats were added to her lifesaving equipment. She was armed with four guns, two 1-pounder guns, and two machine guns. She was commissioned on 1 May, with the ID number ID-2505, and commanded by Commander John J Hannigan.
As a troopship, Rijndam made 13 transatlantic round trips between the US and France: six before the Armistice of 11 November 1918 and seven afterward. Her first trip taking troops and supplies to France began from New York on 10 May 1918. She sailed in convoy with the US troopships and , British troopship , and Italian troopships and . Shortly after sailing, the convoy merged with a contingent from Newport News comprising the US troopships , , , , and , Italian troopship , and British troopship Kursk. Together the two contingents formed the 35th US convoy of the war. It was escorted by the cruiser USS Frederick. On 21 May, 11 destroyers relieved Frederick as escorts. On 24 May the convoy reached Brest.
On 29 May Rijndam left Brest on her return voyage, in convoy with Antigone, President Lincoln, Susquehanna, and an escort of destroyers. At sunset the next day the destroyers detached, and the troopships continued unescorted. On the morning of 31 May, attacked the convoy. Three torpedoes sank President Lincoln. U-90 fired torpedoes at Rijndam, but the troopship took successful evasive action, and shortly afterward, nearly rammed a submarine cruising at periscope depth.