The Sienese School of painting flourished in Siena, Italy, between the 13th and 15th centuries. Its most important artists include Duccio, whose work shows Byzantine influence, his pupil Simone Martini, the brothers Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti and Domenico and Taddeo di Bartolo, Sassetta, and Matteo di Giovanni.
History
Duccio may be considered the "father of Sienese painting". The brothers Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti were "responsible for a crucial development in Sienese art, moving from the tradition inherited from Duccio towards a Gothic style, incorporating the innovations in Florence introduced by Giotto and Arnolfo di Cambio".
"Sienese art flourished even when Siena itself had begun to decline economically and politically. And while the artists of 15th-century Siena did not enjoy the widespread patronage and respect that their 14th-century ancestors had received, the paintings and illuminated manuscripts they produced form one of the undervalued treasures in the bounty of Italian art."
In the late 15th century, Siena "finally succumbed" to the Florentine school's teachings on perspective and naturalistic representation, absorbing its "humanist culture". In the 16th century the Mannerists Beccafumi and Il Sodoma worked there. While Baldassare Peruzzi was born and trained in Siena, his major works and style reflect his long career in Rome. The economic and political decline of Siena by the 16th century, and its eventual subjugation by Florence, largely checked the development of Sienese painting, although it also meant that a good proportion of Sienese works in churches and public buildings were not discarded or destroyed.
Style
Unlike Florentine art, Sienese art opted for a more decorative style and rich colors, with "thinner, elegant, and courtly figures". It also has "a mystical streak...characterized by a common focus on miraculous events, with less attention to proportions, distortions of time and place, and often dreamlike coloration". Sienese painters did not paint portraits, allegories, or classical myths.
List of artists
1251–1300
Guido da Siena
1301–1350
Duccio di Buoninsegna
Segna di Buonaventura
Niccolò di Segna
Simone Martini
Lippo Memmi
Naddo Ceccarelli
Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Pietro Lorenzetti
Bartolomeo Bulgarini
Ugolino di Nerio
Lippo Vanni
1351–1400
Bartolo di Fredi
Andrea Vanni
Francesco di Vannuccio
Jacopo di Mino del Pellicciaio
Niccolò di Bonaccorso
Niccolò di Ser Sozzo
Luca di Tommè
Taddeo di Bartolo
Andrea di Bartolo
Paolo di Giovanni Fei
(Master of the Richardson Triptych) Biagio Goro Ghezzi
1401–1450
Benedetto di Bindo
Domenico di Bartolo
Giovanni di Paolo
Gregorio di Cecco
Martino di Bartolomeo
Master of the Osservanza Triptych
Pietro di Giovanni d'Ambrogio
Priamo della Quercia
Sano di Pietro
Sassetta (Stefano di Giovanni) Lorenzo di Pietro (Vecchietta)
1451–1500
Nicola di Ulisse
Matteo di Giovanni
Benvenuto di Giovanni
Carlo di Giovanni
Francesco di Giorgio Martini
Neroccio di Bartolomeo de' Landi
Pietro di Francesco degli Orioli
Guidoccio Cozzarelli
Bernardino Fungai
Pellegrino di Mariano
Andrea di Niccolò
Pietro di Domenico
1501–1550
Girolamo di Benvenuto
Giacomo Pacchiarotti
Girolamo del Pacchia
Domenico Beccafumi
Il Sodoma (Giovanni Antonio Bazzi) Riccio Sanese (Bartolomeo Neroni)
1601–1650
Francesco Vanni
Ventura Salimbeni
Rutilio Manetti
See also
Bolognese School
Lucchese School
School of Ferrara
Florentine School
References
Further reading
(see index) Timothy Hyman; Sienese Painting, Thames & Hudson, 2003 .
External links
Italian paintings : a catalogue of the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art : Sienese and Central Italian schools, a collection catalog containing information about the artists and their works (see index)