[Illustration: Edrisi's representation of Northern Europe, put together, and much reduced, from eight of his maps. (Chiefly after Seippel's reproduction [1896] and after Lelewel [1851].) Some of the Arabic names are numbered on the map and given below according to Seippel's reading
(1) "Khâlia" (empty); (2) the first part of the 7th climate; (3) "ǵazîrat Birlânda" (the island of Birlânda, by a common error for Ireland); (4) "kharâb" (desert); (5) the island of "Dans" or "Vans" (Seippel reads Wales); (6) "ǵazîrat Angiltâra" (the island of England); (7) "ǵazîrat Sqôsia" (the island, or peninsula, of Scotland); (8) "al-baḥr al-muslim ash-shamâlî" (the dark northern ocean); (9) "ǵazîrat Islânda" (the island of Iceland); (10) "ǵazîrat Dânâmarkha" (the island, or peninsula, of Denmark); (11) "Hrsns" (Horsens); (12) "Alsia" (Als ?); (13) "Sliaswiq"; (14) "Lundûnia" (Lund); (15) "sâḥil arḍ Polônia" (the coast of Poland); (16) "Derlânem" (Bornholm ?); (17) "Landsu(d)den" (in Finland); (18) "Zwâda" (Sweden); (19) "nahr Qutalw" (the Göta river); (20) "ǵazîrat Norwâga" (the island of Norway); (21) may be read "Trônâ" (Trondheim); (22) "'Oslô" (Oslo); (23) "Siqtûn"; (24) "bilâd Finmark" (the district of Finmark); (25) "Qalmâr"; (26) "Abûda" (Åbo ?); (27) "mabda' nahr D(a)n(a)st" (the beginning of the river Dniestr ?); (28) "arḍ Tabast" (the land of Tavast); (29) "Daġwâda" (Dagö ?); (30) "ǵazîrat Amazânûs er-riǵâl al-maǵûs" (the island of the male heathen Amazons); (31) "ǵazîrat Amazânûs an-nisâ" (the island of the female Amazons)]
On the outside of all is the Dark Sea [i.e., Oceanus, the uttermost encircling ocean], which thus forms the limit of the world, and no one knows what is beyond it. After describing Angiltâra [England] with its towns, Edrisi continues:
"Between the end of Sqôsia [Scotland], a desert island [i.e., peninsula],[189] and the end of the island of Irlânda is reckoned two days' sail to the west. Ireland is a very large island. Between its upper [i.e., southern, as the maps of the Arabs had the south at the top] end and Brittany is reckoned three and a half days' sail. From the end of England to the island of Wales (?)[190] one day. From the end of Sqôsia to the island of Islânda two-thirds of a day's sail in a northern direction. From the end of Islânda to the great island of Irlânda one day. From the end of Islânda eastward to the island of Norwâga [Norway] twelve miles (?).[191] Iceland extends 400 miles in length and 150 in breadth."