[90] For further information on âpéthis subject, an article may be consulted in the _Transactions of the American Philosophical Society_, 1st Ser., Vol. III, pp. 222, et seq., by Mr. Hugh Martin, entitled "An Account of the Principal Dies employed by the American Indians."
[91] The Delawares had three words for dog. One was _allum_, which recurs in many Algonkin dialects, and is derived by Mr. Trumbull from a root signifying "to lay hold of," or "to hold fast." The second was _lennochum_ or _lenchum_, which means "the quadruped belonging to man;" _lenno_, man; _chum_, a four-footed beast. The third was _moekaneu_, a name derived from a general Algonkin root, in Cree, _mokku_, meaning "to tear in pieces," from which the Delaware word for bear, _machque_, has its origin, and also, significantly enough, the verb "to eat" in some dialects.
[92] _History of West New Jersey_, p. 3 (London, 1698).
[93] _Bulletin Hist. Soc. of Penna._, 1848, p. 32.
[94] E. M. Ruttenber, _History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson River_, p. 96, note.
[95] Maximilian, Prince of Wied, _Travels in America_, p. 35.
[96] _A Key into the Language of America_, p. 105.
[97] _Documentary History of New York_, Vol. III, pp. 29, 32.
[98] _Grammar of the Language of the Lenni Lenape_, pp 108-109.
[99] They are given, with translations, in Zeisberger's _Grammar_, p. 109.
[100] See Loskiel, _Geschichte der Mission_, etc., pp. 32, 33; Heckewelder, _History of the Indian Nations_, chap. X.
[101] Dr. Charles C. Abbott, _Primitive Industry_, pp. 71, 207, 347, 379, 384, 390, 391. Dr. Abbott's suggestion that the bird's head seen on several specimens might represent the totem of the Turkey gens of the Lenape cannot be well founded, if Heckewelder is correct in saying that their totemic mark was only the foot of the fowl. _Ind. Nations_, p. 253.
[102] See _Proceedings Amer. Philos. Soc._, Vol. X.
[103] The subject is discussed, and comparative drawings of the native signatures reproduced, by Prof. D. B. Brunner, in his useful work, _The Indians of Berks County, Pa._, p. 68 (Reading, 1881).
[104] John Richardson's Diary, quoted in _An Account of the Conduct of the Society of Friends toward the Indian Tribes_, pp. 61, 62 (London, 1844).