The âpéroot _tschitsch_ indicates repetition, and applied to the shadow or spint of man means as much as his double or counterpart.
A third word for soul was the verbal form _w'tellenapewoagan_, "man--his substance;" but this looks as if it had been manufactured by the missionaries.
[142] Compare Loskiel, _Geschichte_, pp. 48, 49; Brainerd, _Life and Journal_, pp. 314, 396, 399, 400.
[143] Schweinitz, _Life of Zeisberger_, p. 472.
[144] Heckewelder, MSS., says that he has often heard the lamentable cry, _matta wingi angeln_, "I do not want to die."
[145] "As for the Powaws," says the native Mohegan, the Rev. Sampson Occum, in his account of the Montauk Indians of Long Island, "they say they get their art from dreams." _Mass. Hist. Soc. Colls_., Vol. X, p. 109. Dr. Trumbull's suggested affinity of powaw with Cree _tàp-wayoo_, he speaks the truth; Nar, _taupowauog_, wise speakers, is, I think, correct, but the latter are secondary senses. They were wise, and gave true counsel, who could correctly interpret dreams. Compare the Iroquois _katetsens_, to dream; _katetsiens_, to practice medicine, Indian fashion. Cuoq, _Lexique de la Langue Iroquoise_.
[146] David Brainerd, _Life and Journal_, pp. 400, 401.
[148] _Hist. and Statistics of the Indian Tribes_, Vol. I, p. 358, seq.
[149] Wassenaer's _Description of the New Netherlands_ (1631), in _Doc. Hist of New York_, Vol. III, pp 28, 40. Other signs of serpent worship were common among the Lenape. Loskiel states that their cast-off skins were treasured as possessing wonderful curative powers (_Geschichte_, p. 147), and Brainerd saw an Indian offering supplications to one (_Life and Journal_, p. 395).
[150] See Brainerd, _Life and Journal_, pp. 310, 312, 364, 398, 425, etc., and E. de Schweinitz, _Life of Zeisberger_, pp. 265, 332, etc.
THE LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE OF THE LENAPE.
§ 1. Literature of the Lenape Tongue--Campanius; Penn; Thomas, Zeisberger; Heckeweider, Roth, Ettwein; Grube, Dencke; Luckenbach; Henry; Vocabularies, a native letter.
§ 4. Special Structure of the Lenape.--The Root and the Theme; Prefixes; Suffixes; Derivatives, Grammatical Notes.
The first study of the Delaware language was undertaken by the Rev. Thomas Campanius (Holm), who was chaplain to the Swedish settlements, 1642-1649. He collected a vocabulary, wrote out a number of dialogues in Delaware and Swedish, and even completed a translation of the Lutheran catechism into the tongue. The last mentioned was published in Stockholm, in 1696, through the efforts of his grandson, under the title, LUTHERI CATECHISMUS, _Ofwersatt pä American-Virginiske Spräket_, 1 vol., sm. 8vo, pp. 160. On pages 133-154 it has a _Vocabularium Barbaro-Virgineorum_, and on pages 155-160, _Vocabula Mahakuassica_. The first is the Delaware as then current on the lower river, the second the dialect of the Susquehannocks or Minquas, who frequently visited the Swedish settlements.