The list of hurricanes in Canada refers to any tropical cyclone originating in the Atlantic or Pacific Ocean affecting the country of Canada. Canada is usually only hit with weak storms, due to the generally cool waters immediately offshore. However, some hurricanes can strike the area full force as the warm Gulf Stream extends fairly close to Atlantic Canada. Due to the cool waters for a great distance from the Pacific coast of Canada, there has never been a storm of any intensity to directly affect the Pacific coast. On occasion tropical systems can transition into, or be absorbed by, non-tropical systems that strongly affect western Canada, most notably by the remnants of Typhoon Freda that were absorbed by the Columbus Day Storm of 1962.
According to the Canadian Hurricane Centre, Hurricane Ella of 1978 is the strongest tropical cyclone in Canadian waters, passing approximately south of Halifax, Nova Scotia as a Category 4 hurricane. Despite this however, Ella did not make landfall. The strongest hurricane to make landfall in Canada was Hurricane Ginny of 1963, which had winds of and a minimum pressure of , making it a Category 2 hurricane at the time of its landfall near Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.
All tropical cyclones that either made a direct landfall in Canada, or made a notable close approach while so classified are included below. Sometimes, a hurricane will make landfall in the United States and continue northward to dissipate over (or partially over) Canada. Only a handful of storms that have taken this path were devastating in Canada. Two examples of this include the 1900 Galveston hurricane and Hurricane Hazel in 1954. Systems that entered Canada from the U.S. after landfall are omitted from these lists, exceptions being devastating, or notable cyclones. Many extratropical remnants of tropical cyclones have entered Canada. They are not included in this list unless they were particularly notable. This article also includes hurricanes that affected Newfoundland prior to its entry into Canada in 1949, and hurricanes that affected any Canadian provinces before confederation in 1867.
List of tropical cyclones
Pre-1900
Many tropical storms and hurricanes struck present-day Canada during this time. The most damaging one struck Newfoundland in September 1775, killing thousands. To shorten this particular list, insignificant tropical storms and depressions are omitted. September 9, 1775: The 1775 Newfoundland hurricane killed over 4,000 in Newfoundland. Not only is it the earliest recorded Canadian hurricane, it is also by far the deadliest. October 10–11, 1804: The 1804 Snow hurricane unusually blanketed parts of Canada with snow after striking New England. August 23, 1863: A Category 1 hurricane hit Nova Scotia just before losing tropical characteristics. September 23–24, 1866: A hurricane hit Newfoundland after weakening from a Category 2 hurricane. October 5, 1869: The 1869 Saxby Gale struck Canada's Bay of Fundy region damaging parts of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, killing 37 people offshore. October 13, 1871: A hurricane hit Nova Scotia. August 26, 1873: The Nova Scotia Hurricane of 1873 drifted south of Nova Scotia as a Category 3 hurricane. It weakened to a Category 1 before slowly making landfall in Newfoundland. It was a devastating hurricane that killed over 600. Damage in Nova Scotia was severe. It destroyed over 1,200 boats and over 900 homes and businesses. This is one of Nova Scotia's worst cyclones. October 1882: Remnants of a hurricane hit Labrador, resulting in 140 deaths. August 26, 1883: A Category 1 hurricane passed offshore Newfoundland, resulting in 80 deaths. August 23, 1886: A major hurricane weakened to a Category 1 hurricane before crossing Newfoundland as a hurricane. September 8, 1891: A hurricane struck both Nova Scotia and Newfoundland as a Category 1 hurricane. August 18, 1893: A hurricane struck Newfoundland with winds.