ORDOVICIAN (in quartzite pebbles).--(_Arenig Beds._) _Lingula Lesueurii._ (This interesting brachiopod shell has not yet been found in its parent rock in England, though it is not uncommon in the _Gres Armoricain_ of Brittany, a quartzite on the same horizon as the Stiper stones); various lamellibranchs such as _Modiolopsis_, _Palaearca_, and _Lyrodesma_ occur.
(_Caradoc and Bala Beds._)--Seven or eight species of brachiopods, of which the commonest is _Orthis Budleighensis_; a crinoid (_Glyptocrinus basalis_), &c.
(_May Hill Sandstone._)--Lumps of coarse sandstone, identical lithologically with the rock which flanks the Lickey Hills, occur commonly; they contain numerous casts of _Stricklandinia lirata_, &c.
DEVONIAN.--Nine or ten species of brachiopods (especially _Spirifera Verneuilii_). Remains of trilobites, such as _Phacops_ and _Homalonotus_ are not unfrequent.
MOUNTAIN LIMESTONE.--Mr. Molyneux enumerates twenty-two species of mountain limestone fossils--brachiopods, corals, crinoids, &c.--which he obtained from the Bunter pebble-beds of Trentham. Near Birmingham, fragments of partly decomposed chert, in which the stems of crinoids are beautifully shown, are common in the same strata.
THE UPPER RED AND MOTTLED SANDSTONE.--Stourbridge stands on the bright red sands of this division, which extend northward through Kingswinford to Trysall and Tettenhall. South of Birmingham we find the same strata at Harborne Heath and Mill--there is a good exposure underneath the drift in Flavel’s brick pit at “California”--from which point we can trace the “Upper Mottled” across the western part of Birmingham, by Rotton Park Reservoir and the Botanical Gardens; the beautiful soft red sandstone forming a strip about a mile in width between Spring Hill, Hockley Brook, Aston Villa, and Birchfields on the west, to the foot of Snow Hill, and Aston Park on the east. In the cemetery adjoining the Great Western Station at Hockley, there is a grand section, forty feet in height, where the incoherent sand is largely worked for moulding and foundry purposes. It is also exposed in and round Aston Park.
THE LOWER KEUPER SANDSTONE.--The lower member of the Keuper is the most consolidated part of the Triassic formation, being best known as a tolerably hard sandstone, white or pink in colour, which often yields good building stone.