=Betz, Fr. Hugo.= M.D.; Surgeon in practice in Schönan, Silesia, 1877.
Contrib. “Anatomischer Nachweiss zweir Gehirncentra,” Centralblatt f. d. Med. Wiss., 1874.
=Bezold, Albert Von.= B. 1836, at Ansbach, d. 1868 at Wurzburg. After studying at Munich and Wurzburg, Bezold went to Berlin to study physiology under Du Bois Reymond; there he became the friend of Isidor Rosenthal and Wilhelm Kühne. In addition to the study of physiology, Bezold followed Virchow’s lectures on pathological anatomy and worked in the laboratory of Hoppe-Seyler, now Prof. of Physiological Chemistry at Tübingen. He became assistant to Du Bois Reymond, but was soon after called to the Chair of Physiology at Jena. Bezold’s experiments on the nervus vagus produced results opposed to the theories of Schiff and Moleschott. Professor of Physiology at Wurzburg, 1865, where he extended the laboratory to be one of the most complete in Germany. While at Jena he had already enlarged the laboratory there, and had taken a journey to Edinburgh to superintend the arrangement of Dr. Bennett’s laboratory.
Author of “Untersuchungen über die Innervation des Herzens,” Leipsig, 1863; “Untersuchungen über die electrische Erregung der Nerven und Muskeln” Leipsig, 1861.
=Bianchi=, (Prof.), 315, Via Salvator Rosa, Naples. Electrotherapist. Prof. Medical Pathology, Royal University, Naples.
=Bichat, Marie François Xavier.= B. 1771; d. 1802. Studied at Nantes, Lyons, and Paris, where he became the pupil of Desault, whose works he edited posthumously, 1795. Relinquished surgery to devote himself entirely to physiology. Physician to the Hôtel Dieu, 1799, where he experimented with various drugs.
Author of “Traité des Membranes en général et de diverses Membranes en particulier,” Paris, 1800; “Recherches Physiologiques sur la vie et la mort,” Paris, 1803; “Anatomie générale appliquée à la Physiologie et à la Médecine,” Paris, 1801; “Anatomie descriptive,” Paris, 1802-1803, 5 vols., end of 2nd and 3rd Vols. by Buisson, 5th Vol. by Roux.
“Experimental Physiology dates from Bichat.”--_Traité de Physiologie_, Béclard, 1880, vol. I., p. 11.
“Bichat has made, in this respect, an experiment on living animals, which all physiologists have since repeated. A tube with a turn-cock is introduced and fixed in the trachea of a dog, and an artery is subsequently opened in the animal. At first the respiration is allowed free action; then the turn-cock is shut, respiration is thereby suspended, and with it the entrance of the air into the lungs. The blood which issued from the wound in the artery was first red; it becomes analagous to venous blood. When the turn-cock is again opened, the blood once more takes a bright hue.”--_Ibid._, p. 336.