II. The documents bearing on the history of the Crusades and the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem are various. Under the head of charters come the _Regesta regni Hierosolymitani_, published by Röhricht, Innsbruck, 1893 (with an Additamentum in 1904); the _Cartulaire générale des Hospitaliers_, by Delaville Leroulx (Paris, 1894 onwards); and the _Cartulaire de l'église du St Sépulcre_, by de Rozière (Paris, 1849). Under the head of laws come the assizes of the Kingdom, edited by Beugnot in the _Recueil des historiens des croisades_; and the assizes of Antioch, printed at Venice in 1876. G. Schlumberger has written on the coins and seals of the Latin East in various publications; while Rey has written an _Étude sur les monuments de l'architecture militaire_ (Paris, 1871). The genealogy of the Levant is given in _Le Livre des lignages d'outre-mer_ (published along with the assizes).
BIBLIOGRAPHIES.--The best modern account of the original authorities for the Crusades is that of A. Molinier, _Les Sources de l'histoire de France_, vols. ii. and iii. W. Wattenbach's _Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen_ gives an account of Albert of Aix (vol. ii., ed. 1894, pp. 170-180) and of Ekkehard of Aura (ibid. pp. 189-198). Von Sybel's _Geschichte des ersten Kreuzzüges_ contains a full study of the authorities for the First Crusade; while the prefaces to Hagenmeyer's editions of the _Gesta_ and of Ekkehard are also valuable. Gaston Dodu, in the work mentioned below, begins by a brief account of the original authorities, which is chiefly of value so far as it deals with William of Tyre and the history of the assizes; and H. Prutz has also a short account of some of the historians of the Crusades (_Kulturgeschichte_, pp. 453-469). Finally reference may be made to the works of Kugler and Klimke above mentioned, and to J. F. Michaud's _Bibliographie des croisades_ (Paris, 1822).
_Modern Writers._--The various works of R. Röhricht present the soundest, if not the brightest, account of the Crusades. There is a _Geschichte des ersten Kreuzzugs_ (Innsbruck, 1901), a _Geschichte des Königreichs Jerusalem_ (ibid. 1898) and a _Geschichte der Kreuzzüge in Umris_ (ibid. 1898). For the First Crusade von Sybel's work and Chalandon's _Alexis I^er Comnène_ may also be mentioned; for the Fourth A. Luchaire's volume on _Innocent III: La Question d'Orient_; while for the whole of the Crusades Norden's _Papstum und Byzanz_ is of value. B. Kugler's _Geschichte der Kreuzzüge_ (in Oncken's series) still remains a suggestive and valuable work; and L. Bréhier's _L'Église et l'orient au moyen âge_ (Paris, 1907) contains not only an up-to-date account of the Crusades, but also a full and useful bibliography, which should be consulted for fuller information. On points of chronology, and on the relations between the crusaders and their Mahommedan neighbours, W. B. Stevenson's _The Crusaders in the East_ (Cambridge, 1907) is very valuable. On the constitutional and social history of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem Dodu's _Histoire des institutions du royaume latin de Jérusalem_ is very useful; E. G. Rey's _Les Colonies franques en Syrie_ contains many interesting details; and Prutz's _Kulturgeschichte der Kreuzzüge_ contains both an account of the Latin East and an attempt to sketch the effects of the Crusades on the progress of civilization. The works of Gmelin and J. Delaville-Leroulx on the Templars and Hospitallers respectively are worth consulting; while for Eastern affairs the English reader may be referred to G. Lestrange's _Palestine under the Moslem_, and to Stanley Lane-Poole's _Life of Saladin_ and his _Mahommedan Dynasties_ (the latter a valuable work of reference). (E. Br.)