There were two asylums in operation at this date, which were declared by local Acts county asylums, subject to the provisions of 9 Geo. IV., c. 40, viz. St. Peter's Hospital, Bristol, incorporated in the year 1696; and one at Haverfordwest, county of Pembroke, 1824.
The military and naval hospitals were two in number, viz.--
-------------------------+-----------+-------------------- Hospital. | Nature. | Date of opening. -------------------------+-----------+-------------------- Fort Clarence, Chatham | Military | 1819 Haslar Hospital, Gosport | Naval | 1818 -------------------------+-----------+--------------------
Then there were the old hospitals of Bethlem and St. Luke's--the former more specially devoted to the insane in 1547, removed from Bishopsgate Street to Moorfields in 1676, and opened in St. George's Fields in 1815; the latter opened July 30, 1751.
The other public lunatic hospitals, nine[179] in number, were--
--------------------+------------------------+------------------ Locality. | Name of Asylum. | Date of opening. --------------------+------------------------+------------------ Exeter | St. Thomas' | 1801 Lincoln | Lunatic Asylum | 1820 Liverpool | " " | 1792 Northampton | General Lunatic Asylum | 1838 Norwich | Bethel Hospital | 1713 Oxford (Headington) | Warneford Asylum | 1826 York | Bootham Asylum | 1777 " | The Retreat | 1796 --------------------+------------------------+------------------
The total number of recognized lunatics on the 1st of January, 1844, were--
Private 4,072 Pauper 16,821 ------ Total 20,893
GENERAL STATEMENT OF THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PERSONS ASCERTAINED TO BE INSANE IN ENGLAND AND WALES, JANUARY 1, 1844.
----------------+----------------+------------------+------------------- Where | Private | Paupers. | Total. confined. | patients. | | +---+-----+------+-----+-----+------+-----+------+------ |M. | F. |Total.| M. | F. |Total.| M. | F. |Total. ----------------+---+-----+------+-----+-----+------+-----+------+------ 15 county | | | | | | | | | asylums |130| 115| 245|1,924|2,231| 4,155|2,054| 2,346| 4,400 | | | | | | | | | 2 ditto under | | | | | | | | | local acts | --| -- | -- | 38| 51| 89| 38| 51| 89 | | | | | | | | | 2 military and | | | | | | | | | naval hospitals|164| 4| 168| -- | -- | -- | 164| 4| 168 | | | | | | | | | 2 Bethlem and | | | | | | | | | St. Luke's | | | | | | | | | Hospitals |178| 264| 442| 86| 35| 121| 264| 299| 563 | | | | | | | | | 9 other public | | | | | | | | | asylums |249| 287| 536| 177| 166| 343| 426| 453| 879 | | | | | | | | | Licensed houses:| | | | | | | | | 37 metropolitan|520| 453| 973| 360| 494| 854| 880| 947| 1,827 99 provincial |748| 678| 1,426| 947| 973| 1,920|1,695| 1,651| 3,346 | | | | | | | | | Workhouses and | | | | | | | | | elsewhere[180] | --| -- | -- |4,169|5,170| 9,339|4,169| 5,170| 9,339 | | | | | | | | | Single patients | | | | | | | | | under | | | | | | | | | commission |172| 110| 282| -- | -- | -- | 172| 110| 282 +------+-----+------+-----+-----+------+-----+------+------ Total | 2,161|1,911| 4,072|7,701|9,120|16,801|9,682|11,031|20,893 -------------+------+-----+------+-----+-----+------+-----+------+------