This paper studies a generic fourth-order theory of gravity with Lagrangian density $f(R,R_c^2,R_m^2, \mathscr{ L}_m)$. By considering explicit $R^2$ dependence and imposing the "coherence condition" $f_{ R^2}\!=\!f_{ R_m^2}\!=\! -f_{ R_c^2}/4$, the field equations of $f(R,R^2,R_c^2,R_m^2, \mathscr{ L}_m)$ gravity can be smoothly reduced to that of $f(R,\mathcal{ G},\mathscr{ L}_m)$ generalized Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We use Noether's conservation law to study the $f(\mathcal{ R}_1,\mathcal{ R}_2\ldots,\mathcal{ R}_n,\mathscr{ L}_m)$ model with nonminimal coupling between $\mathscr{ L}_m$ and Riemannian invariants $ \mathcal{ R}_i$, and conjecture that the gradient of nonminimal gravitational coupling strength $\nabla^\mu f_{ \!\mathscr{ L}_m}$ is the only source for energy-momentum non-conservation. This conjecture is applied to the $f(R,R_c^2,R_m^2, \mathscr{ L}_m)$ model, and the equations of continuity and non-geodesic motion of different matter contents are investigated. Finally, the field equation for Lagrangians including the traceless-Ricci square and traceless-Riemann (Weyl) square invariants is derived, the $f(R,R_c^2,R_m^2, \mathscr{ L}_m)$ model is compared with the $f(R,R_c^2,R_m^2,T)+2\kappa \mathscr{ L}_m$ model, and consequences of nonminimal coupling for black hole and wormhole physics are considered.
Categories: gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th