12 _Pelos campos de Mondego cavaleiros vi somar_ were two very well-known lines apparently belonging to a real historical Portuguese _romance_ on the death of Ines de Castro. They occur in Garcia de Resende's poem on her death. See C. Michaëlis de Vasconcellos, _Estudos sobre o romanceiro peninsular_.
13 Cf. _Tragicomedia da Serra da Estrella_ (1527): _Pedem-lhe em Coimbra cevada E elle dá-lhe mexilhões_.
19 _milham_, green maize cut young for fodder.
32 _ratinhos_, peasants from Beira. They play a large part in Portuguese comedy.
80 _azemel_ = _almocreve_. Both words are of Arabic origin. Cf. _almofreixe_ infra.
93 _Endoenças_ = _indulgentiae_. _Semana de Endoenças_ = Holy Week.
103 In the _Auto da Lusitania_ Vicente says jestingly, perhaps in imitation of the Spanish _romances_, that he was born at Pederneira (a small sea-side town in the district of Leiria). He mentions it again in the _Cortes de Jupiter_ and in the _Templo de Apolo_.
109 Cf. Alvaro Barreto in _Cancioneiro Geral_, vol. I (1910), p. 322: _põe me tudo em huũ item_.
120 It was the plea of Arias Gonzalo that the inhabitants of Zamora were not answerable for the guilt of Vellido Dolfos who had treacherously killed King Sancho:
¿Qué culpa tienen los viejos? ¿qué culpa tienen los niños? ¿qué culpa tienen los muertos...?
129 _balcarriadas_. Cf. _Auto das Fadas_: _Venhas muitieramá com tuas balcarriadas;_ _Auto da Festa_: _tão grão balcarriada_; _Auto da Barca do Purgatorio_: _Nunca tal balcarriada Nem maré tão desastrada_. Couto, _Asia_, VII, 5, vii: _Tal balcarriada_ (act of folly) _foi esta_. The _Canc. Geral_, vol. IV (1915), p. 370, has the form _barquarryadas_.
134 Cf. _Auto da Lusitania_: _um aito bem acordado Que tenha ave e piós_ (= well-proportioned).
135 The numerous servants of the starving _fidalgos_ are satirized by Nicolaus Clenardus and others. Like the English as described by a German in the 18th century they were 'lovers of show, liking to be followed wherever they go by whole troops of servants' (_A Journey into England_, by Paul Hentzer. Trans. Horace Walpole, 1757). Clenardus in his celebrated letter from Evora (1535) says that a Portuguese is followed by more servants in the streets than he spends sixpences in his house. He mentions specifically the number eight.