John, advantages to towns of his money difficulties, 237; charter to Ipswich, 223; to Liverpool, 270; to Lynn, 283
Jury, citizens from twelve years old might serve on, 184; exemption from serving on, granted to burghers of Reading, 306; payments to “friendly,” 212; no trial by, in Cinque Ports, 388, _note_ 6
Justices, itinerant, shut out from Cinque Ports, 388; of the Peace, 247
Kent, men of, their evil reputation in Middle Ages, 415
King, the, and Commons, 25, _note_ 3, 26; his sovereign rights, 207-209; various officers of, who visited the towns, 208-210; power of, to withdraw or question the value of charters and ancient customs, 211, 212; as lord of manor, 229-232; his sympathy with borough in questions as to rival jurisdictions, 232, 233; his difficulty in finding sufficient officers, 234; power of granting privileges beyond that of other lords, 263, _note_ 2; loans to, 27, _note_ 2, 305, _note_ 1
Labour, division of, 67; forced, in towns, 141, 142
Landowners, unfavourable conditions of life of, 258-268
Language, English, prayers in, used by a Norfolk guild, 42, _note_
Lawsuits, increase caused by growth of trade, 58; of nobles, 266
Leet court, 336; in Lynn, 288, 294; in Norwich, 230, _note_ 3; in Nottingham, 336, _note_ 3
Leicester, owned by lay noble, 227; dispute about election of mayor, 235, _note_ 2; town property, 269, _note_; charter from Edmund Crouchback, _ib._; regulations as to taxes, 355, _note_ 2; Guild Merchant, _ib._; duel in, 221, _note_ 2; petition for abolition of “borough English” in, 222
“Libel of English Policy,” 61, 62; the second, 62-64
Lincoln, charter of, 238, _note_ 2; complaint about trials in, 336, 337; freedom from duel, 221, _note_ 2
Linen manufacture, its beginnings in England, 57
Lisle, Lord, his death at Nibley Green, 267
Liverpool, burgages in, 172; takes place of Chester as landing place, 270; trade with Ireland, _ib._; common seal, _ib._; election of bailiffs, _ib._; charter from John, _ib._; from Henry III., _ib._; granted to constable of Lancaster Castle, _ib._; resumed by John, _ib._; to Earl of Chester, _ib._; to Earl of Derby, _ib._; to Edmund Crouchback, _ib._; passed by marriage to John of Gaunt, _ib._; Quo Warranto in, _ib._, 271; first mayor, 218, _note_, 271; leases of fee form, 218, _note_, 270, 271; liberties usurped by Edmund Crouchback, 271; dependence on lord, 272; reverts to crown, _ib._; petition of burgesses, _ib._, _note_ 3; relations with Molyneux and Stanley, 273-276; grant of ferm to David ap Griffith, 275; ferm let to Thomas Holcraft, _ib._; granted to corporation, _ib._; revenue, 273, _note_ 1