The nearest approach to a comprehensive account of the farmers' movement is contained in Fred E. Haynes's Third Party Movements Since the Civil War, with Special Reference to Iowa (1916). The first phase of the subject is treated by Solon J. Buck in The Granger Movement (1913), which contains an extensive bibliography. Frank L. McVey's The Populist Movement (1896) is valuable principally for its bibliography of contemporary material, especially newspapers and magazine articles. For accounts of agrarian activity in the individual States, the investigator turns to the many state histories without much satisfaction. Nor can he find monographic studies for more than a few States. A. E. Paine's The Granger Movement in Illinois (1904 University of Illinois Studies, vol. I, No. 8) and Ellis B. Usher's The Greenback Movement of 1875-1884 and Wisconsin's Part in It (1911) practically exhaust the list. Elizabeth N. Barr's The Populist Uprising, in volume II of William E. Connelley's Standard History of Kansas (1918), is a vivid and sympathetic but uncritical narrative. Briefer articles have been written by Melvin J. White, Populism in Louisiana during the Nineties, in the Mississippi Valley Historical Review (June, 1918), and by Ernest D. Stewart, The Populist Party in Indiana in the Indiana Magazine of History (December, 1918). Biographical material on the Populist leaders is also scant. For Donnelly there is Everett W. Fish's Donnelliana (1892), a curious eulogy supplemented by "excerpts from the wit, wisdom, poetry and eloquence" of the versatile hero; and a life of General Weaver is soon to be issued by the State Historical Society of Iowa. William J. Bryan's The First Battle (1896) and numerous biographies of "the Commoner" treat of his connection with the Populists and the campaign of 1896. Herbert Croly's Marcus A. Hanna (1912) should also be consulted in this connection.

Several of the general histories of the United States since the Civil War devote considerable space to various phases of the farmers' movement. The best in this respect are Charles A. Beard's Contemporary American History (1914) and Frederic L. Paxson's The New Nation (1915). Harry Thurston Peck's Twenty Years of the Republic, 1885-1905 (1906) contains an entertaining account of Populism and the campaign of 1896. Pertinent chapters and useful bibliographies will also be found in the following volumes of the American Nation: William A. Dunning's Reconstruction, Political and Economic, 1865-1877 (1907), Edwin E. Sparks's National Development, 1877-1885 (1907), and David R. Dewey's National Problems, 1885-1897 (1907).

The Agrarian Crusade — Part 89