Events in the year 1956 in China. The country had an estimated population of 620 million people.
Incumbents
Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party: Mao Zedong
President of the People's Republic of China: Mao Zedong
Premier of the People's Republic of China: Zhou Enlai
Chairman of the National People's Congress: Liu Shaoqi
Vice President of the People's Republic of China: Zhu De
Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China: Chen Yun
Governors
Governor of Anhui Province: Huang Yan
Governor of Fujian Province: Ye Fei
Governor of Gansu Province: Deng Baoshan
Governor of Guangdong Province: Tao Zhu
Governor of Guizhou Province: Zhou Lin
Governor of Hebei Province: Lin Tie
Governor of Heilongjiang Province: Han Guang then Ouyang Qin
Governor of Henan Province: Wu Zhipu
Governor of Hubei Province: Liu Zihou then Zhang Tixue
Governor of Hunan Province: Cheng Qian
Governor of Jiangsu Province: Hui Yuyu
Governor of Jiangxi Province: Shao Shiping
Governor of Jilin Province: Li Youwen
Governor of Liaoning Province: Du Zheheng
Governor of Qinghai Province: Sun Zuobin
Governor of Shaanxi Province: Zhao Shoushan
Governor of Shandong Province: Zhao Jianmin
Governor of Shanxi Province: Pei Lisheng then Wang Shiying
Governor of Sichuan Province: Li Dazhang
Governor of Yunnan Province: Guo Yingqiu
Governor of Zhejiang Province: Sha Wenhan
Events
September 28 - First Plenary Session of the 8th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party September 28 - Election of the 8th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party Hundred Flowers Campaign Continuing Kuomintang Islamic insurgency in China
Other events
Establishment of the Chinese Skating Association
Establishment of the Shanghai Natural History Museum
Hnhhot Huimin Cattle and Breeding Association, as predecessor of Yili Diary Group was founded in Inner Mongolia. Shaoxinggaoji High School is founded.
Education
Establishments: Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Capital University of Economics and Business Central Institute for Correctional Police Chongqing Medical University Chongqing Three Gorges University First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Hangzhou Xuejun High School High School Affiliated to Beijing International Studies University
Sports
Establishment of Jilin Northeast Tigers
Chinese Sports Committee oversees creation of new, simplified (and shorter) 24 Form Tai Chi. Due to this official promotion, the 24-form is most likely the Taiji form with the most practitioners in China and the world over.